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Gamma-band auditory steady-state response after frontal tDCS: A double-blind, randomized, crossover study
Yoshiaki Miyagishi1, Takashi Ikeda2, Tetsuya Takahashi3
1Department of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
Plos One
|March 1, 2018
Summary
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) did not alter auditory steady-state responses (ASSRs) in humans, suggesting ASSRs are insufficient for measuring tDCS effects on N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) neurotransmission. Unexpected beta-band activity was observed in the motor cortex.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Neurophysiology
- Brain Stimulation
Background:
- Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) effects are hypothesized to involve N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) neurotransmission.
- Previous research has not demonstrated tDCS modulation of human cortical NMDA neurotransmission.
- The gamma-band auditory steady-state response (ASSR) is proposed as a potential biomarker for cortical NMDA integrity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if tDCS influences cortical NMDA neurotransmission in humans.
- To determine if gamma-band ASSRs reflect tDCS-mediated changes during 40 Hz auditory stimulation.
Main Methods:
- A double-blind, randomized, crossover study design was employed.
- Magnetoencephalography (MEG) was used to measure ASSRs in 24 healthy participants.
- Participants received either prefrontal tDCS (2 mA) or sham treatment during 40 Hz auditory stimulation.
Main Results:
- No significant differences in gamma-band ASSRs were found between tDCS and sham conditions.
- The ASSR was determined to be an insufficient method for detecting tDCS effects on NMDA neurotransmission.
- An unexpected enhancement in beta-band event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP) was observed in the left motor cortex following tDCS.
Conclusions:
- Auditory steady-state responses are not suitable for assessing tDCS effects on cortical NMDA neurotransmission.
- tDCS applied to frontal areas may influence motor cortex activity, as indicated by beta-band oscillations.
- Further research with specific cognitive tasks is required to elucidate the observed motor cortex changes.
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