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Pulse

Pulse

When the heart pumps blood out, arterial elastic fibers play a crucial role in sustaining a high-pressure gradient. They expand to accommodate the received blood and then recoil - a process known as the pulse that can be either manually palpated or electronically quantified. Despite a reduction in its effect with increased distance from the heart, elements of the pulse's systolic and diastolic components persist, observable even at the arteriole level.
The pulse serves as a clinical...

Pulse

Pulse

The pulse is one of the most fundamental physiological indicators of the body's cardiovascular health. It is the rhythmic expansion and contraction of the arterial walls in response to the pressure generated by the heart's pumping action.
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Consider a scenario where a wave propagates from a string of low linear mass density to a string of high linear mass density. In such a case, the reflected wave is out of phase with respect to the incident wave, however the...

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NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences

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Pulse Oximetry

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Purpose
Average SpO2 values are greater than 95%. If the readings fall below 90%, it indicates that...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Methods of Soil Resampling to Monitor Changes in the Chemical Concentrations of Forest Soils

Methods of Soil Resampling to Monitor Changes in the Chemical Concentrations of Forest Soils

Published on: November 25, 2016

Acoustic pulse propagation in forests.

Michael B Muhlestein¹, Vladimir E Ostashev¹, D Keith Wilson¹

¹U. S. Army Engineering and Research Development Center, 72 Lyme Road, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755-1290, USA.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

|March 3, 2018

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study models acoustic pulse propagation in forests using radiative transfer theory. Findings help predict sound decay and reverberation in complex forest environments.

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Area of Science:

Acoustics
Forestry
Wave Propagation

Background:

Understanding sound propagation in forests is crucial for ecological and acoustic studies.
Multiple-scattering effects significantly influence acoustic signals in complex environments like forests.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a theoretical model for acoustic pulse propagation in forests.
To analyze the impact of scattering, ground reflections, and forest complexity on sound decay and reverberation.

Main Methods:

Utilized energy-based radiative transfer theory with a modified Born approximation.
Derived an expression for diffuse intensity, allowing for analytic and numerical integration.
Investigated scenarios from simple infinite forests to realistic finite-height models with ground reflections.

Main Results:

Developed a theoretical framework to quantify diffuse acoustic intensity over time and frequency.
Enabled analytical and numerical solutions for complex acoustic propagation scenarios.
Provided insights into long-time sound decay and reverberation characteristics in forests.

Conclusions:

The radiative transfer model effectively describes acoustic pulse propagation in forests.
Theoretical predictions show good agreement with experimental results.
The study offers a valuable tool for analyzing acoustic behavior in natural environments.