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The kidneys are essential organs in the human body, performing a myriad of tasks that maintain homeostasis and overall health.
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Related Experiment Video

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Contractility Measurements of Human Uterine Smooth Muscle to Aid Drug Development
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Extra uterine development of preterm kidneys.

Yogavijayan Kandasamy1,2,3, Donna Rudd4, Roger Smith5

  • 1Department of Neonatology, The Townsville Hospital, 100 Angus Smith Drive, Douglas, QLD, 4814, Australia. Yogavijayan.Kandasamy@jcu.edu.au.

Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany)
|March 4, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Extremely premature neonates have smaller kidney volumes but achieve normal kidney function by their due date. However, these infants show signs of glomerular injury, indicating potential long-term renal health risks.

Keywords:
Estimated glomeruli filtration ratePrematurePretermRenal volume

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal physiology
  • Renal development
  • Pediatric nephrology

Background:

  • Prematurity significantly impacts organ development, with renal function being a key concern.
  • Understanding the long-term renal outcomes for extremely premature infants is crucial for their health trajectory.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of extreme prematurity on renal development and function.
  • To compare renal volume and glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in preterm and term neonates.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited preterm neonates (<28 weeks gestation) and term neonates.
  • Assessed total kidney volume (TKV), nephrinuria, albuminuria, and eGFR at multiple postmenstrual ages (PMA).

Main Results:

  • Preterm neonates had significantly smaller TKV at 37 weeks PMA compared to term neonates.
  • No significant difference in eGFR was observed between preterm and term neonates at 37 weeks PMA.
  • A decline in nephrin-creatinine and albumin-creatinine ratios was noted in preterm neonates from 32 to 37 weeks PMA.

Conclusions:

  • Extremely premature neonates compensate for smaller renal volume with hyperfiltration to achieve normal eGFR by term-corrected age.
  • Evidence of glomerular injury in extremely premature neonates suggests potential risks for future kidney health.