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Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Cultivation of Green Microalgae in Bubble Column Photobioreactors and an Assay for Neutral Lipids

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Published on: January 7, 2019

Improved virus inactivation using a hot bubble column evaporator (HBCE).

Adrian Garrido Sanchis¹, Muhammad Shahid¹, R M Pashley¹

¹School of Physical, Environmental and Mathematical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Canberra, 2610, Australia.

Colloids and Surfaces. B, Biointerfaces

|March 4, 2018

Summary

Hot bubble column evaporators inactivate viruses through direct bubble-organism collisions, not bulk solution heating. This method significantly reduces thermal energy needs compared to boiling.

Keywords:

Coalescence inhibition Electrostatic repulsive forces Hot bubble column evaporator (HBCE)Virus inactivation Water bath

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Published on: October 17, 2016

Area of Science:

Environmental microbiology
Chemical engineering
Virus inactivation

Background:

Traditional virus inactivation methods often require high temperatures or prolonged exposure.
Understanding the mechanisms of virus inactivation is crucial for developing efficient disinfection technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate virus inactivation rates using a hot bubble column evaporator (HBCE).
To elucidate the role of hot bubble-virus interactions versus bulk solution heating in inactivation.
To evaluate the impact of electrolyte addition on inactivation efficiency.

Main Methods:

Utilized an improved hot bubble column evaporator (HBCE) for virus inactivation studies.
Investigated inactivation under conditions of bubble coalescence inhibition (monovalent electrolytes) and reduced electrostatic repulsion (divalent electrolytes).
Conducted separate water bath experiments to confirm the effect of bulk solution temperature on virus survival.

Main Results:

Hot air bubbles, not the bulk solution (45°-55°C), were responsible for virus inactivation.
High air inlet temperatures (150-250°C) for short durations reduced thermal energy requirements by approximately 75% compared to boiling.
Electrolyte addition influenced bubble dynamics and potentially inactivation, though direct bubble-virus interaction was the primary driver.

Conclusions:

Virus inactivation in the HBCE is primarily driven by direct physical interactions between hot air bubbles and virus particles.
The HBCE offers a more energy-efficient approach to virus inactivation compared to traditional boiling methods.
Further research into electrolyte effects could optimize HBCE performance for specific applications.