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Nutritional management of preterm newborn after hospital discharge: energy and nutrients

Elisabetta Villa1, Roberta Barachetti, Mario Barbarini

  • 1Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Sant'Anna Hospital, San Fermo della Battaglia (CO). elisabetta.villa@asst-lariana.it.

La Pediatria Medica E Chirurgica : Medical and Surgical Pediatrics
|March 6, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Preterm infants often experience poor growth post-Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) discharge. Current feeding strategies show limited long-term benefits for growth, necessitating careful monitoring and feeding plans.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal nutrition
  • Pediatric growth and development

Background:

  • Preterm infants face significant growth challenges in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) and after discharge.
  • Achieving growth rates comparable to healthy fetuses/infants is a primary goal for preterm infants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of post-discharge feeding strategies on the growth and body composition of preterm infants.
  • To determine if fortified human milk or specialized formulas offer long-term growth advantages.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing data on feeding preterm infants after NICU discharge.
  • Comparison of growth outcomes between infants fed fortified human milk, unfortified human milk, and post-discharge formulas.

Main Results:

  • Limited evidence suggests multi-nutrient fortified human milk does not significantly improve long-term infant growth outcomes.
  • Post-discharge formulas show short-term growth rate benefits, but these advantages are not sustained long-term.

Conclusions:

  • Current evidence does not support significant long-term growth benefits from fortified human milk or specialized post-discharge formulas.
  • Establishing individualized feeding plans and diligent follow-up is crucial for early detection of growth deficits in preterm infants.

Keywords:
GrowthHuman milkPost-discharge formula.Preterm

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