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SCUBA Diving in Pregnancy.

Robert L Reid1, Melissa Lorenzo2

  • 1Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON.

Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada : JOGC = Journal D'Obstetrique Et Gynecologie Du Canada : JOGC
|March 6, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pregnant women should generally avoid Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus (SCUBA) diving due to increased risks. However, accidental early pregnancy exposure does not necessitate ending the pregnancy.

Keywords:
SCUBA divingcomplicationsfetal malformationpregnancy

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Diving Medicine
  • Hyperbaric Physiology

Background:

  • Obstetrical care providers may receive inquiries regarding the safety of SCUBA diving during pregnancy.
  • This review addresses maternal and fetal risks associated with SCUBA diving in pregnant individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of SCUBA diving safety during pregnancy.
  • To offer guidance for counseling pregnant women on diving-related risks.
  • To review physiological changes and their implications for pregnant divers.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search of Medline, Pubmed, and Embase using keywords: "scuba diving," "pregnancy," "fetus," "decompression illness," "hyperbaric medicine," "animal studies."
  • Inclusion of English-language studies published up to 2016.
  • Review of five retrospective and one prospective human studies on SCUBA diving in pregnancy.

Main Results:

  • Pregnant women face heightened risks due to altered body habitus affecting equipment fit and balance.
  • Animal data indicate potential fetal risks from decompression illness (DCI) and hyperbaric oxygen exposure.
  • Human data, while largely reassuring, are limited in quality and do not entirely rule out adverse outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Pregnant women should be advised against SCUBA diving.
  • Inadvertent recreational diving exposure in early pregnancy is not an indication for pregnancy termination.
  • Further high-quality research is needed to fully assess risks.