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Related Concept Videos

Mixtures of Acids03:27

Mixtures of Acids

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The pH of a solution containing an acid can be determined using its acid dissociation constant and its initial concentration. If a solution contains two different acids, then its pH can be determined using one of several methods depending upon the relative strength of the acids and their dissociation constants.
A Mixture of a Strong Acid and a Weak Acid
In a mixture of a strong acid and a weak acid, the strong acid dissociates completely and becomes a source of almost all the hydronium ions...
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Mixtures of Acids01:19

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The pH of a solution containing an acid can be determined using its acid dissociation constant and initial concentration. If a solution contains two different acids, then its pH can be determined using one of several methods depending on the relative strength of the acids and their dissociation constants.
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Real Time RT-PCR02:57

Real Time RT-PCR

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Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, or Real-time RT-PCR, is an analytical tool used to determine the expression level of target genes. The method involves converting mRNA to complementary DNA with the help of an enzyme known as reverse transcriptase, followed by the PCR amplification of the cDNA. These two processes can be performed simultaneously in a single tube or separately as a two-step reaction.
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Kinetic Molecular Theory and Gas Laws Explain Properties of Gas Molecules02:34

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The test of the kinetic molecular theory (KMT) and its postulates is its ability to explain and describe the behavior of a gas. The various gas laws (Boyle’s, Charles’s, Gay-Lussac’s, Avogadro’s, and Dalton’s laws) can be derived from the assumptions of the KMT, which have led chemists to believe that the assumptions of the theory accurately represent the properties of gas molecules.
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Gas Exchange and Transport01:20

Gas Exchange and Transport

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Gas exchange, the intake of molecular oxygen (O2) from the environment and the outflow of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the environment, is necessary for cellular function. Gas exchange during respiration occurs largely via the movement of gas molecules along pressure gradients. Gas travels from areas of higher partial pressure to areas of lower partial pressure. In mammals, gas exchange occurs in the alveoli of the lungs, which are adjacent to capillaries and share a membrane with them.
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Mixtures of Gases: Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures and Mole Fractions03:03

Mixtures of Gases: Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures and Mole Fractions

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Unless individual gases chemically react with each other, the individual gases in a mixture of gases do not affect each other’s pressure. Each gas in a mixture exerts the same pressure that it would exert if it were present alone in the container. The pressure exerted by each individual gas in a mixture is called its partial pressure.
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In-situ Tapering of Chalcogenide Fiber for Mid-infrared Supercontinuum Generation
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Real-Time Gas Mixture Analysis Using Mid-Infrared Membrane Microcavities.

Tiening Jin, Junchao Zhou, Zelun Wang

  • 1Crucialtec Co., LTD , Seongnam-si , Gyeonggi-do 13486 , South Korea.

Analytical Chemistry
|March 7, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study demonstrates a new chip-scale mid-infrared sensor for real-time gas analysis. The device achieves fast response times and high accuracy for detecting gases like methane and carbon dioxide.

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics and Spectroscopic Sensing
  • Materials Science for Microfabrication
  • Environmental Monitoring Technology

Background:

  • Mid-infrared (mid-IR) spectroscopy is crucial for identifying various gases based on their unique absorption lines.
  • On-chip gas analysis systems offer potential for miniaturized, portable, and in-situ monitoring solutions.
  • Traditional gas sensors often face limitations in selectivity, response time, or portability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and demonstrate a real-time gas analysis system integrated onto a single chip.
  • To leverage mid-infrared microcavity technology for enhanced gas detection sensitivity and speed.
  • To establish a new platform for in-situ, remote, and embedded gas monitoring applications.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a mid-IR microcavity using ultrathin silicate membranes embedded in a silicon chip via CMOS processes.
  • Utilizing Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to characterize the optical properties of the silicate membrane.
  • Assembly of a test station with a tunable mid-IR laser, microgas delivery, and mid-IR camera for performance evaluation.

Main Results:

  • The silicate membrane exhibited transparency in the 2.5-6.0 μm range, suitable for detecting multiple gas absorption lines.
  • Successful detection of methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2), and nitrous oxide (N2O) based on their characteristic mid-IR absorption bands.
  • Achieved subsecond response times and high accuracy in gas identification.

Conclusions:

  • The developed chip-scale mid-IR sensor enables real-time, on-chip gas analysis.
  • This technology provides a versatile platform for advanced gas monitoring systems.
  • The sensor demonstrates significant potential for applications requiring in-situ, remote, and embedded detection capabilities.