Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Detection and Removal of Tooth-Colored Composite Resin Using the Fluorescence-Aided Identification Technique
Published on: July 27, 2022
Effectiveness of whitening mouthwashes on tooth color: an in vitro study
Abstract:
Products for tooth whitening (or tooth color maintenance) that improve smile esthetics have become increasingly popular due to their easy accessibility and low cost. This in vitro study assessed the effect of whitening mouthwash on bovine tooth color. Forty-eight bovine teeth were divided into 3 immersion groups: SL, artificial saliva (control); CLW, Colgate Luminous White; and OBW, Oral-B 3D White. After prophylaxis with pumice, the initial color was measured using the CIE L*a*b* system. Teeth were immersed in the solutions for 2 minutes, 3 times per day, for 30 days. Changes in color (ΔE*, ΔL*, Δa*, and Δb*) were measured at days 14 and 30. Data were analyzed with 2-way analysis of variance and Tukey test (P < 0.05). At day 30, values of ΔE* had significantly decreased in group SL and increased in group OBW; in addition, at day 30, the ΔE*values in group CLW were significantly greater than those in group SL. The ΔL* values for groups SL and OBW significantly decreased from day 14 to day 30. At day 30, the Δa* and Δb* values were lower in all 3 groups. The results showed that the whitening mouthwashes did not improve color after 14 and 30 days.
Related Concept Videos
Colors and Magnetism
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human...
Tooth Anatomy
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or...
Color Vision
Methods for Studying Drug Absorption: In vitro
The diffusion cell method uses a two-compartment cell, including a donor compartment with the drug solution, which simulates the environment where the drug is applied, and a receptor compartment with a buffer solution, which simulates the environment...
Buffer Effectiveness
The buffer capacity is the amount of acid or base that can be added to a given volume...
Framing Effects

