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    Area of Science:

    • Optoelectronics
    • Laser Physics
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Actively Q-switched lasers are crucial for applications requiring high peak power pulses.
    • Integrating laser components onto a waveguide platform offers miniaturization and enhanced stability.
    • Ferroelectric liquid crystals provide tunable optical properties for advanced laser modulation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a compact, actively Q-switched laser source with a user-variable repetition rate.
    • To demonstrate the integration of a liquid crystal transducer cell with a femtosecond laser inscribed waveguide.
    • To explore the potential of this novel laser for diverse applications.

    Main Methods:

    • A miniaturized deformed helix ferroelectric liquid crystal transducer cell was employed.
    • The liquid crystal cell was integrated with a femtosecond laser inscribed active waveguide.
    • A low-voltage frequency generator controlled the liquid crystal cell operation.

    Main Results:

    • A compact, actively Q-switched laser source was successfully realized.
    • Laser pulse durations below 40 ns were achieved.
    • Repetition rates were demonstrated from 0.1 kHz to 20 kHz with a maximum slope efficiency of 22%.

    Conclusions:

    • This study presents the first actively Q-switched glass waveguide laser with a user-variable repetition rate and full integration.
    • The developed laser source is low-cost, compact, and suitable for trace gas sensing, LIDAR, and nonlinear optics.
    • The integration of liquid crystal technology offers a promising avenue for advanced laser system design.