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The role of the parietal cortex in sensorimotor transformations and action coding.

Ferdinand Binkofski1, Giovanni Buccino2

  • 1Division of Clinical Cognitive Sciences, Medical Faculty of the RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.

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Summary

The human motor system integrates sensory and action processing through sensorimotor circuits. New research suggests the dorsodorsal stream handles variable affordances, while the ventrodorsal stream processes stable affordances.

Keywords:
canonical neuronsdorso-dorsal streammirror neuronsstable affordancesvariable affordancesventro-dorsal stream

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Motor Control

Background:

  • The human cortical motor system is not solely for action execution but is integrated with sensory systems.
  • Parietal and frontal areas form sensorimotor circuits, including canonical and mirror neuron systems, within the dorsal stream.
  • The dorsal stream is now recognized as having distinct dorsodorsal and ventrodorsal subdivisions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the functional roles of the newly identified dorsodorsal and ventrodorsal streams.
  • To investigate the relationship between these streams and the processing of object affordances.
  • To understand how different types of affordances are represented within the cortical motor system.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent neuroscientific data and theories on the human cortical motor system.
  • Analysis of the functional specialization of the dorsodorsal and ventrodorsal streams.
  • Examination of the concept of affordances and their categorization into stable and variable types.

Main Results:

  • The ventrodorsal stream is associated with object awareness for action recognition and organization.
  • The dorsodorsal stream is proposed to be involved in the online control of actions.
  • Stable affordances are linked to offline processing and object knowledge, while variable affordances relate to online, real-time interaction.
  • It is proposed that the dorsodorsal stream codes for variable affordances, and the ventrodorsal stream codes for stable affordances.

Conclusions:

  • The understanding of the human cortical motor system has evolved significantly, highlighting integrated sensorimotor processing.
  • The division of the dorsal stream into dorsodorsal and ventrodorsal pathways offers a refined model for action control and object interaction.
  • Affordance processing, differentiated into stable and variable types, is differentially mapped onto these distinct neural pathways.