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Experimental characterization of continuous-variable orbital angular momentum entanglement using Stokes-operator

Chunxiao Cai, Long Ma, Juan Li

    Optics Express
    |March 14, 2018
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    Summary

    We demonstrated Stokes-operator entanglement for continuous-variable orbital angular momentum (OAM) entanglement. This novel measurement technique shows entanglement inseparability, enabling quantum information protocols and rotational optomechanics.

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    Area of Science:

    • Quantum optics
    • Quantum information science

    Background:

    • Continuous-variable (CV) orbital angular momentum (OAM) entanglement differs significantly from traditional quadrature entanglement.
    • Stokes-operators are key to characterizing OAM light properties.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To experimentally demonstrate Stokes-operator entanglement for CV OAM entanglement.
    • To measure OAM entanglement in the Stokes-operator basis.

    Main Methods:

    • Generated CV OAM entanglement by transforming quadrature entanglement in the HG01 mode.
    • Utilized a self-designed detection scheme for Stokes-operator basis measurement.
    • Achieved inseparability I(O^2,O^3)<1 over a 1-10 MHz analysis frequency.

    Main Results:

    • First direct experimental demonstration of Stokes-operator entanglement for CV OAM.
    • Inseparability achieved across a broad frequency range (1-10 MHz).
    • Experimental fluctuations visualized using quantum orbital Poincaré sphere representation.

    Conclusions:

    • Stokes-operator measurement of OAM entanglement offers a new approach to quantum entanglement.
    • Potential applications include nonlocal quantum information protocols and rotational optomechanics.
    • This work advances the understanding and application of OAM entanglement.