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Related Concept Videos

Anatomical Movements00:51

Anatomical Movements

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Anatomical movements refer to the various actions or motions that can be performed by the body's joints and muscles. These movements are described using specific terms to provide a standardized way of discussing and understanding the range of motion at different joints.
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In eukaryotic cells,  cytoskeletal filaments such as actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments form a mesh-like cytoskeletal network. These filaments serve as tracks for transporting cellular cargo. Specialized motor proteins use the chemical energy stored in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for this transport. During interphase, microtubules are polarized, with the plus-end towards the cell periphery and the minus-end towards the cell center. Two microtubule-associated motor proteins,...
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The force applied by fluids against a surface, known as hydrostatic pressure, initiates the transfer of fluid among different compartments. Within our blood vessels, the blood's hydrostatic pressure is a result of the heart's pumping action. At the arteriolar end of capillaries, hydrostatic pressure (capillary blood pressure) exceeds the opposing colloid osmotic pressure created primarily by plasma proteins like albumin. This discrepancy in pressure propels plasma and nutrients from the...
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Movement Joints in Buildings01:27

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Movement joints in buildings are essential design elements that accommodate inevitable motions caused by various factors such as temperature changes, moisture content variations, and structural deflections. These motions, if not considered in design and construction, can lead to unsightly or dangerous damage. Movement joints are incorporated in different forms to manage these stresses and allow materials to move without causing distress.
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Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Intracortical Inhibition Within the Primary Motor Cortex Can Be Modulated by Changing the Focus of Attention
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Entorhinal cortex receptive fields are modulated by spatial attention, even without movement.

Niklas Wilming1,2,3, Peter König1,3, Seth König2

  • 1Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany.

Elife
|March 15, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Grid cells in the brain

Keywords:
entorhinal cortexgrid cellsneurosciencerhesus macaquespatial attention

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 13, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Grid cells in the entorhinal cortex are crucial for spatial navigation.
  • Recent hypotheses suggest grid cells contribute to general mental operations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if grid cell activity depends on physical movement.
  • To determine if covert attention can elicit grid cell spatial representations.

Main Methods:

  • Recordings were taken from entorhinal cortex neurons in monkeys.
  • Monkeys maintained central fixation while covertly attending to peripheral stimuli.
  • Spatial receptive fields of entorhinal cells were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • A significant population of entorhinal cells (14%) showed spatially structured receptive fields.
  • These spatial receptive fields exhibited a triangular tiling of space.
  • No grid-like representations were observed in the hippocampus.

Conclusions:

  • Entorhinal cortex grid cells do not rely solely on physical movement.
  • Covert attention movement can elicit spatial receptive fields in entorhinal cortex.
  • This supports the hypothesis that grid cells contribute to broader cognitive functions.