Nanodiagnostics: leaving the research lab to enter the clinics?

Pedro Viana Baptista1

  • 11Nanomedicine@FCT, CIGMH, UCIBIO, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Department of Life Sciences, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal.

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Drug Delivery: Enteral Route

The enteral drug administration involves three primary routes: oral, sublingual, and buccal. Oral ingestion is the most prevalent, safe, economical, and convenient method for drug administration. However, it has certain drawbacks, including limited absorption due to the drug's low water solubility or poor membrane permeability, possible emesis from GI mucosa irritation, destruction of drugs by digestive enzymes or low gastric pH, and irregular absorption along with food or other drugs.
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AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
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