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Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Agarose-based Tissue Mimicking Optical Phantoms for Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy
Published on: August 22, 2018
Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy of human liver tumor specimens - towards a tissue differentiating optical biopsy
Alina Keller1, Piotr Bialecki1, Torsten Johannes Wilhelm2,3
1Department of Embedded Systems and Biomedical Engineering, Hs Mannheim, University of Applied Sciences, 68163 Mannheim, Germany.
Abstract:
Significant numbers of liver biopsies fail to yield representative tissue samples. This study was conducted to evaluate the ability of LED-based diffuse reflectance spectroscopy to discriminate tumors from liver parenchyma. Ex vivo spectra were acquired from malignant lesions and liver parenchyma of 32 patients who underwent liver resection using a white light source and several LEDs. Integrated spectra of two combined LEDs with emission peaks at 470 nm and 515 nm were classified with 98.4% sensitivity and 99.2% specificity. The promising results could yield to a simple handheld and cost-efficient tool for real-time tissue differentiation implemented in a biopsy needle.
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