Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

13.8K
The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
13.8K
Drug Toxicity: Risk factors01:24

Drug Toxicity: Risk factors

1
Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) are potential complications that arise during pharmacotherapy, influenced by multiple risk factors. Age plays a significant role; both neonates and the elderly are at heightened risk due to their respective immature and diminished metabolic and elimination processes. Gender also impacts ADRs, with females experiencing a 1.5 to 1.7-fold greater risk than males, which may be linked to pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and hormonal differences. Notably, neonates, the...
1
Pathophysiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease: Injurious Factors01:22

Pathophysiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease: Injurious Factors

1.3K
Peptic ulcers are sores on the stomach's inner lining and the upper small intestine, which are the result of disruptions in the mucosal layer that houses parietal cells which produce gastric acid, and chief cells which secrete pepsinogen.
In the antrum region, G cells secrete the gastrin hormone that binds to gastrin-cholecystokinin-B (CCK2) receptors on parietal and enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells in the fundic glands. Simultaneously, the vagus nerve releases acetylcholine, which binds...
1.3K
Relative Risk01:12

Relative Risk

2.2K
Relative risk (RR) is a statistical measure commonly used in epidemiology to compare the likelihood of a particular event occurring between two groups. This metric is important for evaluating the relationship between exposure to a specific risk factor and the probability of a particular outcome. It plays a crucial role in medical research, public health studies, and risk assessment. Relative risk quantifies how much more (or less) likely an event is to occur in an exposed group compared to an...
2.2K
Muscles that Move the Head01:19

Muscles that Move the Head

6.1K
The muscles that move the head are a dynamic and complex group of structures that work together to facilitate a wide range of head movements, including rotation, flexion, extension, and lateral bending.
The bilateral sternocleidomastoid, or SCM, and the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles are significant head flexors. The SCM muscles originate at the sternum and clavicle and attach to the mastoid process of the temporal bone. The SCM contracts bilaterally to bend the head forward, whereas...
6.1K
Transcription Factors02:16

Transcription Factors

82.9K
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
82.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Demographics, Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of 123 Cases of Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19) with Anosmia.

Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ·2025
Same author

Evaluation of Yograj Guggulu, Ashwagandha Churna and Narayana Taila in management of Osteoarthritis Knee: A study in tribal dominant community.

Journal of Ayurveda and integrative medicine·2025
Same author

Clinical evaluation of AYUSH-SL in patients receiving mass drug administration for treatment of chronic inflammatory lymphedema: A doubleblind placebo-controlled multicentric study.

Journal of vector borne diseases·2024
Same author

Microsurgical clipping of large MCA aneurysm in a 2-month-old child.

Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery·2024
Same author

Prognosis of <i>MGMT</i> -Positive Gene in Patients with Brain Tumors of Grade III and Grade IV.

South Asian journal of cancer·2024
Same author

Fungal thalamic abscess caused by Rhinocladiella mackenziei in an immunocompetent patient.

Indian journal of medical microbiology·2024
Same journal

A Life in Service of Neuroscience, Healing, and Teaching.

Neurology India·2026
Same journal

IN MEMORIAM.

Neurology India·2026
Same journal

Extensive Diffusion Restriction of White Matter, Midbrain, and Basal ganglia in a Neonate with Refractory Hypoglycemic Seizures.

Neurology India·2026
Same journal

CHD2-Related Developmental Epileptic Encephalopathy and Angelman Syndrome in a Girl: A Double Jeopardy.

Neurology India·2026
Same journal

Cerebral Schistosomiasis Mimicking Multiple Intracranial Metastases.

Neurology India·2026
Same journal

Extrusion of Spinal Implants Through the Overlying Skin: A Rare Epiphenomenon of Metal Allergy.

Neurology India·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Promotion of Survival and Differentiation of Neural Stem Cells with Fibrin and Growth Factor Cocktails after Severe Spinal Cord Injury
09:56

Promotion of Survival and Differentiation of Neural Stem Cells with Fibrin and Growth Factor Cocktails after Severe Spinal Cord Injury

Published on: July 27, 2014

12.9K

Risk factors in severe head injuries.

S R Choudhury1, B S Sharma1, V K Gupta1

  • 1Department of Surgery, Postgraduate institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh - 160 012, India.

Neurology India
|March 16, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Severe head injury outcomes are influenced by multiple factors. Advanced age, pre-existing conditions, shock, pupil abnormalities, and post-traumatic hypoxia significantly increase mortality risk in patients with traumatic brain injury.

More Related Videos

A Contusion Model of Severe Spinal Cord Injury in Rats
10:00

A Contusion Model of Severe Spinal Cord Injury in Rats

Published on: August 17, 2013

31.4K
A Bedside, Single Burr Hole Approach to Multimodality Monitoring in Severe Brain Injury
06:18

A Bedside, Single Burr Hole Approach to Multimodality Monitoring in Severe Brain Injury

Published on: March 26, 2019

9.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Promotion of Survival and Differentiation of Neural Stem Cells with Fibrin and Growth Factor Cocktails after Severe Spinal Cord Injury
09:56

Promotion of Survival and Differentiation of Neural Stem Cells with Fibrin and Growth Factor Cocktails after Severe Spinal Cord Injury

Published on: July 27, 2014

12.9K
A Contusion Model of Severe Spinal Cord Injury in Rats
10:00

A Contusion Model of Severe Spinal Cord Injury in Rats

Published on: August 17, 2013

31.4K
A Bedside, Single Burr Hole Approach to Multimodality Monitoring in Severe Brain Injury
06:18

A Bedside, Single Burr Hole Approach to Multimodality Monitoring in Severe Brain Injury

Published on: March 26, 2019

9.6K

Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Trauma Care
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Severe head injuries represent a significant cause of mortality and long-term disability.
  • Identifying risk factors is crucial for improving patient outcomes and guiding treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess various pretraumatic, traumatic, and post-traumatic risk factors influencing mortality in patients with severe head injuries.
  • To compare the prevalence of these risk factors between surviving and non-surviving patient groups.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study of 472 consecutive patients with severe head injuries (Glasgow Coma Scale score ≤ 8).
  • Patients were categorized into two groups: survivors (n=173) and non-survivors (n=299).
  • Comparison of pretraumatic, traumatic, and post-traumatic risk factors between the two groups.

Main Results:

  • Pretraumatic factors associated with increased mortality: advanced age, pre-existing disease.
  • Traumatic factors: Glasgow Coma Scale score < 8, shock, abnormal pupillary response, motor deficits, extensor rigidity, lack of pain response, intracranial space-occupying lesions, and additional injuries.
  • Post-traumatic factors: blood pressure alterations, biochemical abnormalities, hypoxia, endotracheal intubation, and mannitol infusion.

Conclusions:

  • Multiple factors across different phases of care significantly impact mortality in severe head injury.
  • Early identification and management of these risk factors are essential for improving patient survival rates.