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A quantized microwave quadrupole insulator with topologically protected corner states.

Christopher W Peterson1, Wladimir A Benalcazar2, Taylor L Hughes2

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Mechanics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Electric polarization in crystals is theoretically defined by Berry phase, explaining dipole moments and topological properties.
  • Recent theory extends Berry phase to higher electric multipole moments, predicting new topological phases.
  • Higher-order topological insulators represent a novel class of materials with unique topological properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally demonstrate a quantized quadrupole topological insulator.
  • To confirm the existence of higher-order topological phases predicted by theory.
  • To investigate the topological protection of corner states in these materials.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a gigahertz-frequency reconfigurable microwave circuit to emulate a quantized quadrupole topological insulator.
  • Performed spectroscopic measurements to confirm the non-trivial topological phase.
  • Investigated the robustness of corner states by deforming the lattice edges.

Main Results:

  • Successfully demonstrated a quantized quadrupole topological insulator experimentally.
  • Identified corner states resulting from the bulk topology.
  • Confirmed that these corner states are topologically protected and robust against lattice deformation.

Conclusions:

  • The experimental realization of a quantized quadrupole topological insulator validates theoretical predictions.
  • The observed corner states exhibit unique robustness against disorder and deformation, characteristic of higher-order topological insulators.
  • This work opens avenues for exploring new topological phases and their applications.