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First Lattice Calculation of the QED Corrections to Leptonic Decay Rates.

D Giusti1, V Lubicz1, C Tarantino1

  • 1Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università Roma Tre and INFN Sezione di Roma Tre, Via della Vasca Navale 84, I-00146 Rome, Italy.

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Lattice calculations reveal leading-order electromagnetic and strong isospin-breaking corrections to kaon and pion decay ratios. The study provides crucial data for fundamental particle physics, refining theoretical predictions.

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Area of Science:

  • * Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) and Electroweak Interactions
  • * Hadron Spectroscopy and Decay Processes
  • * Computational Physics and Lattice Field Theory

Background:

  • * Precise determination of fundamental particle properties requires accounting for subtle quantum effects.
  • * Isospin-breaking corrections are essential for comparing theoretical predictions with experimental measurements of meson decays.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To compute, for the first time, the leading-order electromagnetic and strong isospin-breaking corrections to the K_{μ2}/π_{μ2} decay ratio using lattice QCD.
  • * To assess systematic uncertainties and the impact of approximations in lattice calculations.

Main Methods:

  • * Employed a recently proposed method for evaluating electromagnetic and isospin-breaking corrections.
  • * Utilized gauge ensembles from the European Twisted Mass Collaboration with N_{f}=2+1+1 dynamical quarks.
  • * Systematically evaluated various sources of error and estimated the effect of the quenched Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) approximation.

Main Results:

  • * The calculated correction to the tree-level K_{μ2}/π_{μ2} decay ratio is -1.22(16)%.
  • * This lattice result is in good agreement with the chiral perturbation theory estimate of -1.12(21)%.

Conclusions:

  • * The lattice QCD calculation provides a novel and precise determination of key corrections to meson decay ratios.
  • * The findings validate and refine theoretical predictions, contributing to a more accurate understanding of fundamental particle interactions.