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Semantic Typicality Effects in Primary Progressive Aphasia.

Ellyn A Riley1, Elena Barbieri1, Sandra Weintraub2

  • 11 Aphasia and Neurolinguistics Research Laboratory, Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.

American Journal of Alzheimer'S Disease and Other Dementias
|March 17, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Individuals with semantic primary progressive aphasia (PPA-S) may lose the typicality effect, showing slower processing of semantic categories as their condition worsens. This indicates potential lexical-semantic deficits in advanced PPA-S.

Keywords:
aphasiadementiaprimary progressive aphasiasemantic typicality

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psycholinguistics
  • Neurology

Background:

  • The typicality effect, where prototypical items are processed faster than atypical ones, is crucial for understanding semantic category representation.
  • Absence of this effect may indicate lexical-semantic processing deficits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate typicality effects in semantic and nonsemantic variants of primary progressive aphasia (PPA).
  • To determine if disease severity in semantic-PPA (PPA-S) impacts the typicality effect.

Main Methods:

  • A semantic category verification task was employed using visual and auditory words.
  • Participants decided if words belonged to a specified superordinate category (typical, atypical, or nonmembers).
  • Response times were analyzed across participant groups: PPA-S, agrammatic-PPA (PPA-G), and age-matched controls.

Main Results:

  • All participant groups initially demonstrated a typicality effect (faster responses for typical items).
  • However, individuals with more severe semantic-PPA (PPA-S) did not exhibit a typicality effect in either visual or auditory modalities.
  • This suggests a breakdown in semantic processing as PPA-S progresses.

Conclusions:

  • The typicality effect is preserved in early stages of PPA but may be absent in severe PPA-S.
  • Severe semantic impairment in PPA-S could lead to intracategory semantic blurring.
  • Findings highlight the progressive nature of semantic deficits in PPA-S.