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Pediatric Cardiac Trauma in the United States: A Systematic Review

Konstantinos S Mylonas1,2, Diamantis I Tsilimigras2,3, Pavlos Texakalidis2,4

  • 11 Division of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

World Journal for Pediatric & Congenital Heart Surgery
|March 17, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric cardiac trauma is rare, with blunt cardiac contusion most common from car crashes. This review of 1,062 children found a high overall mortality rate of 35.2%.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Trauma Surgery
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Limited literature exists on pediatric cardiac injuries.
  • Cardiac trauma in children is a significant concern with potential for severe outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and analyze the existing literature on pediatric cardiac trauma.
  • To identify the causes, types, and mortality rates associated with cardiac injuries in children.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of PubMed for studies on pediatric cardiac trauma in the United States (1961-2012).
  • Inclusion of 21 studies encompassing 1,062 pediatric patients.
  • Data extraction on injury type, cause, and patient outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Blunt cardiac contusion was the predominant injury (59.7%).
  • Motor vehicle crashes were the leading cause of blunt trauma (53.5%).
  • Gunshot wounds were the most common cause of penetrating cardiac injuries (50%).
  • The overall mortality rate was 35.2%.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric cardiac trauma, though infrequent, carries a high mortality rate.
  • Understanding the mechanisms of injury is crucial for prevention and treatment strategies.
  • Further research is needed to improve outcomes for children with cardiac trauma.

Keywords:
blunt cardiac traumachildreninjurypediatric traumapenetrating cardiac trauma

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