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Antidiabetic dietary materials and animal models
1Canadian Food and Wine Institute, Niagara College, 135 Taylor Road, Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario L0S 1J0, Canada.
Food Research International (Ottawa, Ont.)
|March 17, 2018
Summary
Non-medicinal foods like fruits, vegetables, and spices show promise in managing diabetes. This review highlights their anti-diabetic effects in animal models, suggesting a plant-based dietary pattern for blood sugar control.
Area of Science:
- Nutritional Science
- Pharmacology
- Metabolic Disorders
Background:
- Global rise in diabetes necessitates affordable anti-diabetic solutions.
- Food-based materials offer potential as effective anti-diabetic agents.
- Recent research highlights the anti-diabetic properties of various non-medicinal foods.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent (5-year) literature on non-medicinal foods and their anti-diabetic effects in animal models.
- To summarize methodologies, findings, and limitations of existing studies.
- To identify a potential generic anti-diabetic dietary pattern.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of studies published within the last five years.
- Inclusion of research on individual and mixed non-medicinal foods.
- Focus on studies utilizing diabetic animal models.
Main Results:
- Diverse foods (fruits, vegetables, legumes, cereals, spices, beverages, oilseeds, edible oils) demonstrated anti-diabetic effects.
- Significant variability observed in study designs regarding food dosage, feeding schedules, administration routes, and evaluation markers.
- Speculated cellular and metabolic targets for anti-hyperglycemic effects, though molecular mechanisms require further exploration.
Conclusions:
- Current animal studies suggest a generic anti-diabetic dietary pattern rich in plant-based whole foods.
- This dietary pattern aligns with findings from epidemiological studies.
- Further research is needed to elucidate molecular mechanisms and assess safety/tolerability of these dietary materials.
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