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Related Concept Videos

Enzymes02:34

Enzymes

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Inside living organisms, enzymes act as catalysts for many biochemical reactions involved in cellular metabolism. The role of enzymes is to reduce the activation energies of biochemical reactions by forming complexes with its substrates. The lowering of activation energies favor an increase in the rates of biochemical reactions.
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Enzyme Kinetics01:19

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Enzymes speed up reactions by lowering the activation energy of the reactants. The speed at which the enzyme turns reactants into products is called the rate of reaction. Several factors impact the rate of reaction, including the number of available reactants. Enzyme kinetics is the study of how an enzyme changes the rate of a reaction.
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Enzyme-linked Receptors01:00

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Enzyme-linked receptors are proteins that act as both receptor and enzyme, activating multiple intracellular signals. This is a large group of receptors that include the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. Many growth factors and hormones bind to and activate the RTKs.
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Integration by Parts: Indefinite Integrals01:26

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Integration by parts is a fundamental technique in calculus for evaluating integrals involving the product of two functions. It is particularly useful when direct integration is not feasible. The method is based on the product rule for differentiation, which states that the derivative of a product equals the derivative of the first function times the second, plus the first function times the derivative of the second. By integrating this identity and rearranging terms, the integration by parts...
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Integration by Parts: Definite Integrals01:23

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Definite integrals involving the product of two functions over a fixed interval can be evaluated using integration by parts. This method rewrites the integral as the difference of a product evaluated at the endpoints and a remaining definite integral that is often simpler to compute.A representative example is the definite integral of the inverse tangent function. Since there is no direct integration formula for arctan ⁡x, the integrand is rewritten as a product of arctan⁡ x and the...
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Enzyme Inhibition01:30

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Inhibitors are molecules that reduce enzyme activity by binding to the enzyme. In a normally functioning cell, enzymes are regulated by a variety of inhibitors. Drugs and other toxins can also inhibit enzymes. Some inhibitors bind to the enzyme’s active site, while others inhibit enzymatic activity by binding to other sites on the protein structure.
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An Integrated Workflow of Identification and Quantification on FDR Control-Based Untargeted Metabolome
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An integrated workflow for phenazine-modifying enzyme characterization.

R Cameron Coates1, Benjamin P Bowen1,2, Ernst Oberortner1

  • 1US DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA.

Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology
|March 17, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a new workflow to characterize biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs), enabling the discovery of novel compounds. This method successfully identified new phenazine metabolites, accelerating the exploration of chemical diversity for various applications.

Keywords:
BiosynthesisPathwayPathway designPhenazineRefactoredSynthetic biology

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Synthetic Biology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) offer vast potential for discovering novel natural products.
  • Functional characterization of BGCs is challenging due to complex expression requirements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate an integrated workflow for efficient BGC functional characterization.
  • To accelerate the discovery of novel chemical diversity from uncharacterized BGCs.

Main Methods:

  • Integrated workflow encompassing pathway identification, modular design, DNA synthesis, and assembly.
  • Heterologous expression of refactored synthetic modules of phenazine BGCs in Escherichia coli.
  • Identification of metabolic intermediates using analytical techniques.

Main Results:

  • Successfully characterized multiple phenazine-modifying enzymes.
  • Identified known metabolic intermediates and a previously unidentified metabolite.
  • Demonstrated the workflow's efficacy in accelerating BGC functional characterization.

Conclusions:

  • The developed integrated workflow significantly enhances the functional characterization of BGCs.
  • This approach facilitates the discovery of novel compounds with potential applications in agriculture, medicine, and industry.