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Selective Distance-Based K+ Quantification on Paper-Based Microfluidics.

Chase T Gerold1,2, Eric Bakker2, Charles S Henry1

  • 1Department of Chemistry , Colorado State University , Fort Collins , Colorado 80521 , United States.

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|March 20, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New paper-based microfluidic devices (μPADs) enable potassium (K+) quantification in aqueous and serum samples. These devices utilize a novel lipophilic phase for selective K+ detection, offering a simple, solvent-free method.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Microfluidics
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Accurate potassium (K+) quantification is crucial for clinical diagnostics.
  • Existing methods for K+ detection often require complex instrumentation and organic solvents.
  • Paper-based microfluidic devices (μPADs) offer a low-cost, portable alternative for chemical analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate paper-based microfluidic devices (μPADs) for selective potassium (K+) quantification.
  • To implement both colorimetric and distance-based detection methods for K+ on μPADs.
  • To demonstrate the feasibility of using a suspended lipophilic phase in μPADs for K+ analysis without organic solvents.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of wax-printed μPADs incorporating a lipophilic phase with potassium ionophore I (valinomycin).
  • Development of colorimetric spot tests for K+ quantification in aqueous samples.
  • Implementation of distance-based assays for K+ quantification in aqueous samples and human serum.
  • Evaluation of selectivity against common ions (Na+, Li+, Mg2+).

Main Results:

  • Colorimetric methods allowed K+ quantification from 0.1-5.0 mM using 3.00 μL of sample.
  • Distance-based methods accurately distinguished K+ concentrations between 1.0 and 2.5 mM (aqueous) and differentiated 4.3 and 6.9 mM K+ in human serum.
  • The lipophilic phase addition successfully integrated into μPADs, avoiding damage to wax barriers.
  • The developed methods demonstrated high selectivity for K+ in the presence of interfering ions.

Conclusions:

  • Paper-based microfluidic devices (μPADs) with a novel lipophilic phase enable selective and sensitive K+ quantification.
  • Both colorimetric and distance-based methods offer viable, low-volume K+ detection solutions.
  • The distance-based method provides a simple, instrument-free approach for K+ analysis, suitable for point-of-care applications.
  • This approach paves the way for future alkali and alkaline earth metal quantification using μPADs.