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Related Concept Videos

Spinal Cord01:26

Spinal Cord

2.0K
The spinal cord, a critical component of the central nervous system, extends from the base of the brainstem to the lumbar region of the vertebral column. It is essential for maintaining physical stability and facilitating communication between the brain and peripheral parts of the body.
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The Spinal Cord01:54

The Spinal Cord

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The spinal cord is the body’s major nerve tract of the central nervous system, communicating afferent sensory information from the periphery to the brain and efferent motor information from the brain to the body. The human spinal cord extends from the hole at the base of the skull, or foramen magnum, to the level of the first or second lumbar vertebra.
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Spinal Cord: Information Processing01:10

Spinal Cord: Information Processing

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The spinal cord is an integral hub for motor and sensory information that enables the brain to communicate with the peripheral nervous system (PNS). This communication consists of relaying sensory data and transmission of motor commands.
Sensory Information Processing
Sensory information processing begins at the sensory receptors located in the skin and other tissues, which detect somatic sensory stimuli such as touch, temperature, or pain. These receptors function as catalysts, initiating...
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Spinal Cord: Gross Anatomy01:15

Spinal Cord: Gross Anatomy

5.9K
The spinal cord resides within the protective confines of the vertebral column. It is the main pathway for information traveling between the brain and the body. It plays a fundamental role in nearly all bodily functions, from simple reflexes to complex motor movements. The spinal cord begins at the medulla oblongata at the base of the brainstem and extends downward, terminating at the conus medullaris near the first and second lumbar vertebrae. The spinal cord's length in adults is...
5.9K
Spinal Cord: Cross-sectional Anatomy01:16

Spinal Cord: Cross-sectional Anatomy

4.9K
The cross-sectional anatomy of the spinal cord offers a detailed view of its complex structure and function within the central nervous system. At the core of the spinal cord lies the gray matter, characterized by its butterfly or "H"-shaped appearance in cross-section. This central region is enveloped by white matter, with the overall structure divided into symmetrical halves by the dorsal median sulcus and the ventral median fissure.
Gray Matter and its Components
Central to the gray matter is...
4.9K
Spinal Nerves: Plexus II01:21

Spinal Nerves: Plexus II

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The plexuses of the lower body include the lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal plexuses, which innervate the abdomen, pelvis, legs, and coccygeal region. These plexuses control the transmission of sensory information and coordinate motor functions of the lower body.
The Lumbar Plexus
The lumbar plexus is situated within the lumbar region of the back and is primarily formed by the first four lumbar spinal nerves (L1 to L4). This plexus extends its branches into several nerves, including the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

A Novel Vertebral Stabilization Method for Producing Contusive Spinal Cord Injury
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A Novel Vertebral Stabilization Method for Producing Contusive Spinal Cord Injury

Published on: January 5, 2015

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Spinal Cord Hemorrhage.

Amir Shaban1, Toshio Moritani2, Sami Al Kasab1

  • 1Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Healthcare, Iowa City, Iowa.

Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases : the Official Journal of National Stroke Association
|March 21, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Spinal cord hemorrhages, including hematomyelia and spinal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), present variably. Diagnosis requires high clinical suspicion and MRI, with management focusing on surgical decompression or conservative measures.

Keywords:
Spinal cordanticoagulationhematomyeliahemorrhagesubarachnoid hemorrhagesubdural hematomavascular malformations

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Spinal Cord Electrophysiology
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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neurosurgery
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Spinal cord hemorrhages are rare, classified by bleeding location: intramedullary (hematomyelia), subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), subdural, and epidural.
  • These conditions can manifest with acute pain and myelopathy, or insidiously, with SAH potentially causing cerebral symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the literature on spinal cord hemorrhages.
  • To understand presenting symptoms, etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of these rare conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search conducted on PubMed.
  • Keywords included: spinal hemorrhage, hematomyelia, spinal subarachnoid hemorrhage, spinal subdural hematoma, and spinal epidural hematoma.

Main Results:

  • Common presentations include acute pain and myelopathy; insidious onset is also possible.
  • Etiologies vary by location, commonly involving trauma, iatrogenic causes, vascular malformations, and bleeding diatheses.
  • Management strategies include surgical decompression, correction of etiology, and conservative approaches like corticosteroids and anticoagulation reversal.

Conclusions:

  • Variable presentations of spinal cord hemorrhages complicate diagnosis.
  • High clinical suspicion and MRI are crucial for accurate diagnosis.
  • Future research should focus on standardized outcome grading and management guidelines.