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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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Functional groups are groups of atoms with specific chemical properties that occur within organic molecules and are sometimes denoted as “R”. Functional groups can “functionalize” a compound by enabling it to adopt different physical and chemical properties.
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Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is...
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Accurate analysis of complex samples often requires advanced preparation techniques to achieve reliable and reproducible results. Samples containing inorganic or organic materials can be challenging to dissolve or decompose effectively. Standard sample preparation methods include acid digestion, fusion, dry ashing, and wet digestion.
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Airway management is essential in emergency and surgical medicine, ensuring ventilation and oxygenation in patients who cannot maintain their own airway. Clinicians use a range of techniques and devices to secure the airway, depending on the patient’s condition and the clinical context. Key methods include endotracheal intubation, rapid sequence intubation (RSI), supraglottic airway devices, and advanced visualization aids. In cases where these approaches fail, surgical airway...
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Recent advances in microRNA detection.

Yongqiang Cheng1, Lijuan Dong1, Jiangyan Zhang1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, P. R. China. yqcheng@hbu.edu.cn.

The Analyst
|March 22, 2018
PubMed
Summary
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Simple, robust, and reliable microRNA (miRNA) detection methods are crucial for diagnostics and therapeutics. Recent advancements in techniques like ddPCR, ECL, SERS, and MS enhance sensitivity and specificity for miRNA research.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Diagnostics

Background:

  • MicroRNA (miRNA) detection is vital for understanding biological functions, molecular diagnostics, disease treatment, and drug development.
  • Numerous novel methods have emerged to improve miRNA detection sensitivity, specificity, multiplicity, and in situ imaging capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in microRNA detection methods.
  • To highlight new applications of these detection techniques.
  • To provide guidance for developing future high-sensitivity, high-specificity miRNA detection tools for research and clinical use.

Main Methods:

  • Nucleic acid amplification-based methods.
  • Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR).
  • Electrochemiluminescence (ECL).
  • Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS).
  • Mass spectrometry (MS).

Main Results:

  • Advanced detection techniques significantly improve sensitivity and specificity for miRNA analysis.
  • Progress in miRNA detection accelerates functional research and clinical diagnostics.
  • Various methods like ddPCR, ECL, SERS, and MS are widely employed for sensitive miRNA detection.

Conclusions:

  • New miRNA detection methods are essential for advancing biochemical research and disease diagnosis.
  • Continued development is needed for highly sensitive and specific miRNA detection applicable to clinical settings.
  • These advancements support targeted therapies and personalized medicine through improved miRNA understanding.