Low-Grade Central Osteosarcoma: Report of Two Unusual Morphologic Variants

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic Oncology
• Skeletal Pathology

Background:

• Low-grade central osteosarcoma (LGCO) is an uncommon variant of osteosarcoma, representing less than 2% of all cases.
• LGCO can recur as a higher-grade malignancy if not managed properly.

Observation:

• Two distinct cases of LGCO in different age groups are presented, both manifesting with femur pain and swelling.
• Radiological imaging revealed large masses with irregular borders and soft tissue invasion in both patients.
• Histological examination showed spindle cell proliferation with mild atypia.

Findings:

• The cases illustrate the diverse morphological spectrum of LGCO.
• Diagnostic challenges arise from the aggressive radiological appearance and the need for adequate histological sampling.

Implications:

• Accurate diagnosis of LGCO requires integrating radiological findings with thorough histological examination.
• Understanding LGCO variants is essential for appropriate treatment planning and improved patient outcomes.