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Cognitive deficits including executive functioning in relation to clinical parameters in paediatric MS patients
Eva Wuerfel1,2,3, Almuth Weddige1, York Hagmayer4
1Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Paediatric Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
Plos One
|March 23, 2018
Summary
German pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS) patients show significant cognitive impairments, particularly in executive functions, affecting school performance. Early cognitive screening is recommended for timely intervention in these children.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Neuropsychology
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Cognitive impairment in pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS) is understudied, especially regarding executive functions.
- This study focuses on assessing cognitive deficits in German pediatric MS patients and their relation to clinical parameters.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore cognitive impairment in German pediatric MS patients.
- To specifically investigate deficits in executive functions.
- To correlate cognitive performance with clinical disease parameters.
Main Methods:
- Assessed 40 pediatric MS patients using a comprehensive cognitive test battery, including Wechsler Intelligence Scale and D-KEFS subtests.
- Compared performance with age- and sex-matched healthy controls using ANOVAs.
- Analyzed relationships between cognitive performance and clinical data (disease duration, age of onset, relapses).
Main Results:
- Pediatric MS patients exhibited deficits in verbal comprehension, fluency, processing speed, memory, calculation, and executive functions.
- Group differences were most pronounced in verbal comprehension, processing speed, memory, and executive functions.
- Disease duration correlated with reduced performance in verbal comprehension, fluency, fluid reasoning, and working memory.
Conclusions:
- Cognitive deficits in German pediatric MS patients mirror patterns seen in international cohorts.
- Executive function deficits impact school performance; regular cognitive screenings are crucial for early intervention.
- Disease duration, age of onset, and relapse frequency significantly influence cognitive outcomes.
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