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Related Concept Videos

Extraction: Advanced Methods00:56

Extraction: Advanced Methods

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Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is...
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Effects of EDTA on End-Point Detection Methods01:18

Effects of EDTA on End-Point Detection Methods

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Different methods, such as visual observance of metal-ion indicators, spectroscopic techniques, and potentiometric methods, can determine the endpoint of an EDTA titration.
In the visual method, metal-ion indicators (metallochromic dyes), which have distinct colors in their free and complex forms, are added to the mixture to signal the titration's end point. They form stable complexes with metal ions, but these complexes are weaker than the corresponding metal–EDTA complexes. As a...
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Overview of Advanced Functional Groups02:22

Overview of Advanced Functional Groups

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Functional groups are groups of atoms with specific chemical properties that occur within organic molecules and are sometimes denoted as “R”. Functional groups can “functionalize” a compound by enabling it to adopt different physical and chemical properties.
Types of Advanced Functional Groups
The table below summarizes some of the major functional groups in organic chemistry.
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Precipitation Titration: Endpoint Detection Methods01:19

Precipitation Titration: Endpoint Detection Methods

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In argentometric precipitation titrations, endpoints can be detected visually by the Mohr, Volhard, and Fajans methods. In the Mohr method, adding a soluble chromate indicator gives an initial yellow color to the analyte solution. As the titrant is added, the first excess of silver ions forms a red silver chromate precipitate, marking the endpoint. The solution pH should be maintained at about 8 by adding solid CaCO3.
In the Volhard method, a standard excess of AgNO3 is first added to the...
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Defenses Against Pathogens and Herbivores02:26

Defenses Against Pathogens and Herbivores

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Plants present a rich source of nutrients for many organisms, making it a target for herbivores and infectious agents. Plants, though lacking a proper immune system, have developed an array of constitutive and inducible defenses to fend off these attacks.
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Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens01:31

Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens

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The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
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Development of an Electrochemical DNA Biosensor to Detect a Foodborne Pathogen
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Development of an Electrochemical DNA Biosensor to Detect a Foodborne Pathogen

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Recent advances in rapid pathogen detection method based on biosensors.

Ying Chen1, Zhenzhen Wang1, Yingxun Liu2

  • 1School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.

European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases : Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology
|March 24, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Biosensors offer rapid, sensitive, and cost-effective pathogen detection, crucial for combating rising infections and drug resistance. This review critically examines various biosensor types and compares them to traditional clinical diagnostic methods.

Keywords:
BiosensorComparisonMedical detection methodsPathogen

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Microbiology
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Increasing prevalence of drug-resistant pathogens necessitates advanced diagnostic tools.
  • Traditional pathogen detection methods face limitations in speed, sensitivity, and cost.
  • Biosensors offer promising advantages for rapid and accurate microbiological detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically review the development and application of biosensors for pathogen detection.
  • To compare various biosensor technologies with existing clinical diagnostic methods.
  • To highlight the potential of biosensors in clinical diagnosis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent literature on biosensor applications in pathogen detection.
  • Categorization of biosensors into electrochemical, optical, and piezoelectric types.
  • Comparative analysis of biosensor performance against traditional methods like PCR and mass spectrometry.

Main Results:

  • Electrochemical, optical, and piezoelectric biosensors demonstrate significant potential for pathogen detection.
  • Biosensors offer advantages in terms of speed, sensitivity, portability, and cost-effectiveness.
  • Comparative analysis reveals biosensors as a viable alternative to conventional diagnostic techniques.

Conclusions:

  • Biosensors are rapidly evolving and show great promise for accurate clinical microbiological detection.
  • Further research and development are needed to fully integrate biosensors into routine clinical practice.
  • Biosensor technology is key to addressing the challenges posed by infectious diseases and antimicrobial resistance.