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Out-of-School Time and Behaviors During Adolescence
Kenneth T H Lee1, Ryan W Lewis1, Sabrina Kataoka1
1University of California, Irvine.
Summary
Adolescents in unsupervised peer settings showed more risky behaviors. Paid work and sports participation in out-of-school time (OST) were linked to better self-identity and work orientation.
Area of Science:
- Adolescent Development
- Sociology of Youth
- Psychology of Behavior
Background:
- Research often studies adolescent out-of-school time (OST) settings in isolation.
- Understanding the diverse impacts of various OST settings on adolescent development is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the relationship between time spent in four distinct OST settings and adolescent functioning.
- To investigate how unsupervised peer time, paid employment, sports, and organized activities influence development at age 15 and end of high school.
Main Methods:
- Employed individual fixed effects analyses to rigorously control for selection bias.
- Analyzed data on adolescent functioning across multiple OST settings and developmental stages.
Main Results:
- Increased unsupervised peer time correlated with higher risky and externalizing behaviors.
- Increased paid employment was associated with enhanced work orientation and self-identity.
- Participation in organized sports predicted greater positive self-identity.
Conclusions:
- Different out-of-school time settings have distinct effects on adolescent functioning.
- Considering multiple OST contexts and selection effects is vital for a comprehensive understanding of adolescent development.
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