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Patulin accumulation in apples under dynamic controlled atmosphere storage
Ingrid D Dos Santos1, Ionara R Pizzutti1, Jonatan V Dias1
1Chemistry Department, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
Food Chemistry
|March 25, 2018
Summary
Controlled atmosphere (CA) and dynamic controlled atmosphere (DCA) storage did not prevent patulin contamination in apples. Even with decayed fruit present, healthy apples remained free of patulin, but 1-methylcyclopropene increased contamination in
Area of Science:
- Food Science
- Mycology
- Horticulture
Background:
- Patulin is a mycotoxin produced by Penicillium molds.
- Apple contamination with patulin is a food safety concern.
- Controlled atmosphere (CA) and dynamic controlled atmosphere (DCA) storage are used to extend fruit shelf life.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate patulin contamination in 'Galaxy' and 'Fuji Kiku' apples under CA and DCA storage.
- To determine the efficacy of CA and DCA in preventing patulin accumulation.
- To assess the impact of 1-methylcyclopropene on patulin contamination.
Main Methods:
- Apples ('Galaxy' and 'Fuji Kiku') were stored for nine months under refrigeration plus 7 days shelf life at 20°C.
- Controlled atmosphere (CA) and dynamic controlled atmosphere (DCA) conditions were applied.
- Patulin contamination was measured in healthy and decayed fruit.
- The effect of 1-methylcyclopropene on 'Galaxy' apples was investigated.
Main Results:
- CA and DCA storage were ineffective in preventing patulin production in both apple varieties.
- Healthy apples did not become contaminated, even when stored with decayed fruit.
- 'Galaxy' apples treated with 1-methylcyclopropene showed increased decay and patulin contamination.
- Patulin levels in 'Galaxy' apples exceeded the Brazilian legal limit (50 μg/kg).
- No significant difference in patulin concentration was found in 'Fuji Kiku' apples across CA, DCA-CF, and DCA-RQ 1.3 treatments, with all levels below the limit.
Conclusions:
- CA and DCA storage offer no advantage in preventing patulin accumulation in 'Galaxy' and 'Fuji Kiku' apples.
- 1-methylcyclopropene application negatively impacts 'Galaxy' apple quality by increasing decay and patulin contamination.
- Storage conditions and treatments must be carefully considered to manage mycotoxin risks in apples.
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