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Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Studying Brain Function in Children Using Magnetoencephalography
Published on: April 8, 2019
Neurocognitive outcomes in children following immersion: a long-term study
Maria Patricia Manglick1, Frank I Ross1, Mary-Clare Waugh2
1Department of Paediatric Surgery, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Children who survive near-drowning and appear neurologically intact may still develop long-term behavioral and executive function deficits. Long-term follow-up is crucial for identifying and addressing these subtle sequelae in pediatric near-drowning survivors.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric neurology
- Neuroscience
- Child psychology
Background:
- Near-drowning incidents in children can lead to varied neurocognitive outcomes.
- Assessing long-term effects is vital, especially in those initially appearing neurologically intact.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate long-term neurocognitive outcomes in children after a near-drowning incident.
- To identify subtle deficits in behavior, executive function, and well-being over a 5-year period.
Main Methods:
- A prospective cohort study involving 23 children (0-16 years) admitted for near-drowning.
- Neurocognitive assessments, including Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) and BRIEF-Preschool version (BRIEF-P), conducted at multiple time points up to 5 years post-incident.
Main Results:
- Of the 23 children studied, 5 (22%) exhibited abnormalities in behavior and/or executive function during follow-up.
- These deficits were identified despite children being neurologically intact upon hospital discharge.
Conclusions:
- Hospitalized near-drowning survivors require long-term follow-up to detect subtle neurocognitive sequelae.
- Early identification of deficits can guide interventions for optimal patient outcomes.
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