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Published on: January 7, 2018
Mediterranean Diet, Glucose Homeostasis, and Inflammasome Genetic Variants: The CORDIOPREV Study
Irene Roncero-Ramos1,2, Oriol A Rangel-Zuñiga1,2, Javier Lopez-Moreno1,2
1Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, GC9 Nutrigenomics, Institute Maimonides for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, 14004, Spain.
Scope:
Insulin resistance (IR) and chronic low-grade inflammation are hallmarks of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The "NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing-3" (NLRP3) inflammasome component of innate immunity is a metabolic stress sensor modulated by dietary and genetics factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the consumption of two diets for 3 years, Mediterranean (Med) and low fat, on glucose homeostasis in the 1002 coronary heart disease patients of the CORDIOPREV study, according to a genetic variant of NLRP3 inflammasome.
Methods And Results:
The study was conducted in the framework of the CORDIOPREV study, a randomized dietary intervention with Med and low-fat diets. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located at inflammasome NLRP3 gene were genotyped by OpenArray platform. Nondiabetic CT+TT carriers of the rs4612666 SNP and AG+AA carriers of the rs10733113 SNP increased insulin sensitivity index (ISI) after 3 years of dietary intervention, whereas no effect was observed in diabetic patients. Further analysis by diet showed that the improvement of the ISI in nondiabetic rs10733113 AG+AA carriers was specific to the consumption of the Med diet.
Conclusion:
Our results show that the benefits associated with a Med diet regarding glucose homeostasis in non-T2DM patients depend on genetic variation in the inflammasome.
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