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Linking Cognitive and Social Aspects of Sound Change Using Agent-Based Modeling.

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This study introduces an interactive-phonetic (IP) sound change model, suggesting sound change arises from perceiving phonetic variants at the edge of phonological categories. Simulations support this, showing sound change potential even without acoustic shifts.

Keywords:
Agent-based modelingCoarticulationHuman speech processingSound changeSpeech accommodation

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Area of Science:

  • Linguistics
  • Phonetics
  • Computational Linguistics

Background:

  • Phonological categories are often phonetically skewed by speech production and perception.
  • Previous models did not fully integrate interactive phonetic influences on sound change.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define the core components of an interactive-phonetic (IP) sound change model.
  • To test the hypothesis that sound change originates from perceiving phonetic variants at the probabilistic edge of phonological categories.
  • To extend the model to sound changes involving splits and mergers.

Main Methods:

  • Developed an agent-based computational simulation model for sound change.
  • Applied the model to /u/-fronting in Standard Southern British English.
  • Extended the model to analyze /s/-retraction in Australian English /str/ clusters, incorporating agent interaction for reclassification.

Main Results:

  • Simulations of /u/-fronting were consistent with the IP model's predictions.
  • The extended model showed no acoustic change for Australian English /s/-retraction.
  • Agent vacillation in phonological categorization during /str/ and /ʃtr/ interaction indicated potential for sound change.

Conclusions:

  • Many sound changes result from the orientation of phonetic distributions relative to phonological classes.
  • Inter-speaker variation in phonetic information and interaction drives sound change.
  • The IP model provides a framework for understanding sound change mechanisms, including potential for change even without current acoustic shifts.