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Multifunctional Sandwich-Structured Electrolyte for High-Performance Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

Hongtao Qu1,2, Jianjun Zhang1,2, Aobing Du1,2

  • 1Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Technology Institute Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266101P. R. China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|March 30, 2018
PubMed
Summary

A novel polymer electrolyte design overcomes the lithium-sulfur battery shuttle effect, enabling stable cycling and high capacity. This breakthrough advances high-performance electrochemical energy storage systems.

Keywords:
cellulose nonwoven materialslithium–sulfur batteriesmultifunctional materialsnanocarbon blacksandwich‐structured electrolytes

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries offer high theoretical energy density but suffer from the polysulfide shuttle effect, hindering practical application.
  • Developing stable electrolytes is crucial for unlocking the potential of Li-S battery technology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and demonstrate a novel multifunctional sandwich-structured polymer electrolyte for high-performance Li-S batteries.
  • To address the shuttle effect and improve cycling stability and rate capability.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a sandwich-structured polymer electrolyte comprising polymer, cellulose nonwoven, and nanocarbon layers.
  • Electrochemical testing of Li-S batteries incorporating the novel electrolyte, including cycling stability, rate capability, and performance at high sulfur loading.

Main Results:

  • The Li-S battery with the sandwich-structured electrolyte exhibited excellent cycling stability (0.039% capacity decay per cycle over 1500 cycles at 0.5 C).
  • Achieved a reversible capacity of 594 mA h g-1 at 4 C and a high initial areal capacity of 5.1 mA h cm-2 with a sulfur loading of 4.9 mg cm-2.
  • Synergistic effects of electrolyte layers contributed to stable lithium stripping/plating, polysulfide absorption, and enhanced redox reactions.

Conclusions:

  • The multifunctional sandwich-structured polymer electrolyte effectively suppresses the shuttle effect in Li-S batteries.
  • This hierarchical electrolyte design strategy shows promise for developing next-generation high-performance Li-S batteries.