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Attitude is our evaluation of a person, an idea, or an object. We have attitudes for many things ranging from products that we might pick up in the supermarket to people around the world to political policies. Typically, attitudes are favorable or unfavorable: positive or negative (Eagly & Chaiken, 1993). And, they have three components: an affective component (feelings), a behavioral component (the effect of the attitude on behavior), and a cognitive component (belief and knowledge;...
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Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
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During the 1950s, the landmark Robbers Cave experiment demonstrated that when groups must compete with one another, intergroup conflict, hostility, and even violence may result. At the Oklahoman summer camp, two troops of boys—termed the Rattlers and the Eagles—took part in a week-long tournament. During this time, their negativity culminated in derogatory name-calling, fistfights, and even vandalism and destruction of property. However, this work also revealed that such tension...
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Group polarization is the strengthening of an original group attitude following the discussion of views within a group (Teger & Pruitt, 1967). That is, if a group initially favors a viewpoint, after discussion the group consensus is likely a stronger endorsement of the viewpoint. Conversely, if the group was initially opposed to a viewpoint, group discussion would likely lead to stronger opposition.
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Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
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Islamic Attitudes and Rhinoplasty.

Mehdi Bakhshaee1, Masoud Asghari2, Mohammad Reza Sharifian1

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Higher religiosity is associated with fewer rhinoplasty procedures, though significant nasal deformities may override religious considerations for surgery. This study explores the impact of religious attitudes on patient decisions regarding cosmetic nasal surgery.

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Area of Science:

  • Plastic Surgery
  • Psychology
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Psychological factors influencing rhinoplasty decisions are well-documented.
  • The role of religiosity in the decision-making process for rhinoplasty has not been extensively studied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between religious attitudes and the desire for rhinoplasty.
  • To compare the religiosity of individuals seeking rhinoplasty with a control group.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study comparing 157 rhinoplasty candidates with 74 controls.
  • Religious attitudes were assessed using a validated questionnaire.
  • Participants were categorized based on indication for surgery (relative, aesthetic, or severe deformity).

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in age, sex, economic, or educational status were found between groups.
  • Individuals interested in rhinoplasty had significantly lower religious scores (122.75±23.49) compared to those not interested (138.78±21.85; P<0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Religious attitude may influence the decision to undergo rhinoplasty, with higher religiosity correlating with less frequent pursuit of the surgery.
  • Individuals with severe nasal deformities appear to opt for surgery regardless of their religious beliefs.