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Related Concept Videos

Detailed Structure and Function of Lymph Nodes01:23

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Lymph nodes are bean-shaped structures that cluster along the lymphatic vessels in the inguinal, axillary, and cervical regions. Each node is divided into compartments by a capsule that extends trabeculae inward.
From a histological perspective, lymph nodes can be split into two main areas: the superficial cortex and the deep medulla. The outer cortex is populated by dendritic cells, macrophages, and B lymphocytes, which are densely packed into follicles. When these B-lymphocytes are presented...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 11, 2025

High-frequency Ultrasound Imaging of Mouse Cervical Lymph Nodes
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Ultrasound-based Node-RADS: Introducing a new Scoring System for Ultrasound-based Classification of Lymphadenopathy.

Amir Mohammad Heravi1, Fatemeh Hataminia2, Bashir Rasoulian3

  • 1Department of Radiology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
|August 12, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces Node-RADS, an ultrasound scoring system to differentiate benign from malignant neck lymphadenopathy. The system accurately identifies high-risk features, aiding in diagnosis and reducing patient anxiety.

Keywords:
Lymphadenopathy classificationNode- Reporting and Data System (Node-RADS)Ultrasound

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Neck lymphadenopathy frequently causes patient anxiety due to potential links with malignancy or severe infections.
  • Accurate differentiation between benign and malignant lymph nodes is crucial for appropriate patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the diagnostic value of specific ultrasound features in distinguishing benign from malignant cervical lymphadenopathy.
  • To develop and validate a quantitative scoring system, Node-RADS, for assessing neck lymphadenopathy.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 791 patients with neck lymphadenopathy at Omid Hospital, Iran.
  • Ultrasound (gray-scale and Doppler) was performed, followed by cytopathological confirmation via fine needle aspiration (FNA) or core needle biopsy (CNB).
  • Key ultrasound features (Short-Axis Diameter, Cortical/Hilar Echotexture, Vascular patterns) were assessed to derive malignancy coefficients (Wi) and the Node-RADS score. Diagnostic accuracy was evaluated using ROC analysis.

Main Results:

  • Out of 791 patients, 68.5% had malignant lymphadenopathy, primarily metastases.
  • High-risk ultrasound features included Short-Axis Diameter >16 mm (82% malignancy), Isoechoic cortex with compressed hilum (89%), and non-hilar vascularity (91%).
  • The Node-RADS system demonstrated strong diagnostic performance with an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.85 (95% CI: 0.817-0.889).

Conclusions:

  • The developed ultrasound-based Node-RADS scoring system shows significant correlation with pathological findings.
  • Node-RADS serves as an effective tool for evaluating superficial cervical lymphadenopathy, potentially improving diagnostic accuracy and patient care.