Cardiorenal syndrome as predictor of in-hospital mortality in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction

Cardiorenal syndrome includes numerous conditions affecting the heart and kidney, and is a strong predictor of cardiovascular mortality.

An analysis was performed on 157 consecutive patients admitted to the Coronary Care Unit of the Camilo Cienfuegos Hospital due to an ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and heart failure, from January 2013 to December 2016. An analysis was made of the presence of cardiorenal syndrome and its relationship with epidemiological, clinical, and analytical variables, as well as complementary explorations. The relationship between cardiorenal syndrome and in-hospital mortality was assessed using binary logistical regression.

A total of 52 (33.1%) patients had a cardiorenal syndrome. The haemoglobin level was lower in the group of patients with cardiorenal syndrome (117.2 ± 15.3 vs. 123.3 ± 15.1, P = .019), and in left ventricular ejection fraction (34.8 ± 8 vs. 43.2 ± 10.8). A positive correlation was found between the Killip class and the increase in serum creatinine after 48 h. The serum creatinine was associated with left ventricular ejection fraction (r = 0.166; P = .038). The multivariate analysis showed that cardiorenal syndrome was an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality when adjusted for a history of ischaemic heart disease, diabetes mellitus status, atrial fibrillation, ventricular arrhythmias, left ventricular ejection fraction, age and systolic blood pressure.

The presence of cardiorenal syndrome has an influence on the prognosis of patients who suffer a cardiorenal syndrome. Its detection could be useful in the risk stratification.