Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Nucleic Acids

Nucleic Acids

Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes,...

Nucleic acids

Nucleic acids

Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes,...

Nucleic Acids

Nucleic Acids

Amplifying Signals via Second Messengers

Amplifying Signals via Second Messengers

Many receptor binding ligands are hydrophilic; they do not cross the cell membrane but bind to cell-surface receptors. Thus, their message must be relayed by second messengers present in the cell cytoplasm. There are several second messenger pathways, each with its own way of relaying information. For example, the G protein-coupled receptors can activate both phosphoinositol and cyclic AMP (cAMP) second messenger pathways. The phosphoinositol pathway is active when the receptor induces...

Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade

Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade

When a ligand binds to a cell-surface receptor, the receptor's intracellular domain changes shape, which may either activate its enzyme function or allow its binding to other molecules. The initial signal is amplified by most signal transduction pathways. This means that a single ligand molecule can activate multiple molecules of a downstream target. Proteins that relay a signal are most commonly phosphorylated at one or more sites, activating or inactivating the protein. Kinases catalyze...

Valence Bond Theory

Valence Bond Theory

Overview of Valence Bond Theory

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Structure-Controlled Molecular Recognition and Charge Transport in Metallized DNA Nanosheets.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026

Same author

DNA Framework Nucleator-Enabled Intelligent Hydrogel Interfaces on Living Cells.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026

Same author

Machine learning-directed massively parallel programmable nucleic acid amplification.

Science advances·2026

Same author

Target-Gated Ratiometric pH Sensing via Tetrahedral DNA Framework-Based Dual-CRISPR System.

Analytical chemistry·2026

Same author

DNA Framework-Encoded Digital Recorder for Bacterial Discrimination.

ACS nano·2026

Same author

DNA framework-based molecular transformer for logic-driven precision diagnostics.

Science advances·2026

Same journal

Selective Degradation of Polyurethanes in Mixed Plastic Wastes via Ir-Catalyzed Hydrogenolysis.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026

Same journal

Covalent Organic Framework Photocatalysts: Decoding Linkage Chemistry in Hydrogen Peroxide Synthesis From Air and Water.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026

Same journal

Anomeric Amide Enabled Divergent Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Ureas, Carbamates, Thioesters, and Amides From Aldehydes.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026

Same journal

Anisotropic Magneto-Chiral Dichroism in Lanthanide Complexes.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026

Same journal

Engineering LE-CT State Synergy in Aminoboranes for Single Molecule White Light Emission and Dual-Mode Chiroptical/Phosphorescence Output.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026

Same journal

Editable Hydrogen Bond Network Within the Electric Double Layer for CO<sub>2</sub> Reduction.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Kinetic Screening of Nuclease Activity using Nucleic Acid Probes

Kinetic Screening of Nuclease Activity using Nucleic Acid Probes

Published on: November 1, 2019

Valency-Controlled Framework Nucleic Acid Signal Amplifiers.

Qi Liu^1,2, Zhilei Ge³, Xiuhai Mao¹

¹Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)

|April 1, 2018

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a framework nucleic acid (FNA)-programmed strategy for ultrasensitive biosensing. The novel valence-controlled signal amplifiers significantly improve the detection of circulating free DNA (cfDNA) for cancer diagnostics.

Keywords:

DNA nanostructure biosensors cfDNA framework nucleic acids valence-engineering

More Related Videos

NanoDrop Microvolume Quantitation of Nucleic Acids

NanoDrop Microvolume Quantitation of Nucleic Acids

Published on: November 22, 2010

Electricity-Free, Sequential Nucleic Acid and Protein Isolation

Electricity-Free, Sequential Nucleic Acid and Protein Isolation

Published on: May 15, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Kinetic Screening of Nuclease Activity using Nucleic Acid Probes

Kinetic Screening of Nuclease Activity using Nucleic Acid Probes

Published on: November 1, 2019

NanoDrop Microvolume Quantitation of Nucleic Acids

NanoDrop Microvolume Quantitation of Nucleic Acids

Published on: November 22, 2010

Electricity-Free, Sequential Nucleic Acid and Protein Isolation

Electricity-Free, Sequential Nucleic Acid and Protein Isolation

Published on: May 15, 2012

Area of Science:

Biomimetic systems
Biosensing technologies
Molecular recognition

Background:

Biological systems amplify weak ligand-receptor events using regulatory biomolecules.
In vitro biomimetic systems often lack the spatiotemporal regulation found in vivo.
Developing advanced signal amplification strategies for biosensing remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a highly modular, valence-controlled signal amplifier for ultrasensitive biosensing.
To create a framework nucleic acid (FNA)-programmed strategy for signal amplification.
To enhance the quantification ability and sensitivity of electrochemical biosensors.

Main Methods:

Utilized a framework nucleic acid (FNA)-programmed strategy to construct signal amplifiers.
Demonstrated stoichiometric recruitment of nucleic acids, proteins, and inorganic nanoparticles.
Integrated FNA-programmed amplifiers into electrochemical biosensors.

Main Results:

Achieved stoichiometric recruitment of diverse biomolecules and nanoparticles by FNA amplifiers.
Enhanced the quantification capabilities of electrochemical biosensors.
Enabled ultrasensitive detection of circulating free DNA (cfDNA) with 3-5 orders of magnitude sensitivity improvement.

Conclusions:

FNA-programmed signal amplifiers offer a versatile and modular platform for biosensing.
The developed strategy significantly enhances sensitivity and dynamic range for detecting biomarkers like cfDNA.
This approach holds promise for advancing early cancer diagnostics and other sensitive detection applications.