Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Performing Data Mining And Integrative Analysis Of Biomarker in Breast Cancer Using Multiple Publicly Accessible Databases
Published on: May 17, 2019
Genomic Pathology and Biomarkers in Breast Cancer
1Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 610041.
Abstract:
Breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease. There are significant differences in morphology, immunophenotype, clinical behavior, and treatment response in breast cancer, which pose the greatest challenge for managing breast cancer patients. Great advances in breast cancer have been made at the molecular and genomic levels, which not only help us greatly in better understanding the heterogeneity and the carcinogenesis for breast cancer, but also help us in identifying new prognostic markers and therapeutic targets. In this review, we discuss these new findings in detail: (1) the two main pathways of the pathogenesis for breast cancer; (2) the traditional biomarkers including ER, PR, HER2, and some controversial biomarkers - Ki67, p53, AR, FRA for breast cancer; (3) the molecular classification of breast cancer, its IHC surrogates and its application in clinical management; (4) the multigene tests and their applications for breast cancer management; (5) next-generation sequencing and its clinical application for breast cancer; and (6) TIL and PD1/PD-L1 and their application in breast cancer.
Related Concept Videos
Genomics
Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes
Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes
Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
Genomic DNA in Prokaryotes
Genomic Diversity in Bacteria
Although bacterial genomes are much...

