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Related Concept Videos

Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

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Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
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Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

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Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
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Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

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The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
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Spreading of Chromatin Modifications02:25

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The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
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Behavior Modification01:21

Behavior Modification

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Behavioral approaches have often been criticized for ignoring mental processes and focusing solely on observable behavior. However, these approaches provide an optimistic perspective for individuals seeking to change their behaviors. Rather than concentrating on intrinsic personality traits, behavioral approaches suggest that even longstanding habits can be modified by changing the reward contingencies that maintain them.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 12, 2026

An Orthotopic Murine Model of Human Prostate Cancer Metastasis
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Epigenetic Modifications and Modulators in Prostate Cancer.

Alessia Cimadamore1, Silvia Gasparrini1, Marina Scarpelli1

  • 1Section of Pathological Anatomy, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, School of Medicine, United Hospitals, Ancona, Italy.

Critical Reviews in Oncogenesis
|April 2, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Prostate cancer (PCa) aggressiveness is hard to predict. Epigenetic changes like DNA methylation and microRNAs offer new insights for diagnosis, prognosis, and potential therapeutic targets.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genetics
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common male malignancy with variable clinical behavior.
  • Current diagnostic methods have limited predictive value for PCa aggressiveness.
  • Understanding the genomic landscape is crucial for improving PCa diagnosis and identifying therapeutic targets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review key epigenetic modifications in prostate cancer.
  • To explore research on epigenetic modifiers and modulators for PCa treatment.
  • To highlight the potential of epigenetics in understanding and managing PCa.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of epigenetic modifications in prostate cancer.
  • Analysis of studies on DNA methylation and histone acetylation in PCa.
  • Examination of microRNA roles as biomarkers in PCa.

Main Results:

  • Epigenetic alterations, including DNA methylation and histone acetylation, significantly influence PCa's clinical behavior.
  • MicroRNAs show promise as biomarkers for PCa diagnosis and prognosis.
  • The reversible nature of epigenetic modifications suggests potential for developing targeted therapies.

Conclusions:

  • Epigenetic modifications are integral to prostate cancer progression and clinical outcomes.
  • Epigenetic modulators represent a promising avenue for novel PCa therapeutic strategies.
  • Further research into PCa epigenetics can enhance diagnostic accuracy and treatment efficacy.