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Related Concept Videos

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

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Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
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Endocarditis I: Introduction01:25

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Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...
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Heart Valves01:16

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The human heart is a complex organ with an intricate system of valves that regulate blood flow. There are two main types of valves: atrioventricular (AV) valves and semilunar valves.
The AV valves prevent the backflow of blood from the ventricles to the atria during ventricular contraction. These valves function with the assistance of the chordae tendineae and papillary muscles. When the ventricles are relaxed, the chordae tendineae are slack, allowing blood to flow from the atria into the...
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Endocarditis III: Medical Management01:18

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Infective endocarditis management involves a multifaceted approach encompassing infection prevention, lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapy, and surgical management.Infection Prevention:Hand Hygiene: Thorough handwashing is crucial to prevent the spread of infection. Hand hygiene should be performed regularly, especially before and after using the restroom.Oral Hygiene: Good oral hygiene is essential. It includes brushing teeth immediately after waking up and before bed, flossing...
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Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management01:29

Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management

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Infective endocarditis (IE) is a chronic infection of the heart's endocardium, primarily affecting the heart valves. A detailed nursing assessment for a patient with IE involves collecting subjective and objective data to ensure an accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.Subjective DataThe nurse gathers information about the patient's symptoms and complaints during the subjective assessment. Patients with infective endocarditis often report non-specific symptoms that can mimic other...
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Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction01:27

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IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
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Related Experiment Video

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Author Spotlight: Development and Evaluation of a Compound Acne Rodent Model Using C. acnes and Oleic Acid
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Silent Native-valve Endocarditis Caused by Propionibacterium acnes.

Rintaro Yamamoto1, Shigeru Miyagawa1, Hideharu Hagiya2

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Hospital, Japan.

Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan)
|April 3, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Propionibacterium acnes can cause silent native-valve endocarditis, even in patients undergoing dialysis. This rare infection requires medical consideration when P. acnes is detected in blood cultures.

Keywords:
Propionibacterium acnesanaerobehemodialysisinfective endocarditisnative valve

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Native-valve endocarditis (NVE) is a serious infection, often caused by common bacteria.
  • Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) is typically considered a contaminant but can cause opportunistic infections.
  • Patients with chronic kidney disease and those on dialysis may have increased susceptibility to infections.

Observation:

  • A 67-year-old male with hybrid dialysis presented for kidney transplantation evaluation.
  • Pre-operative cardiac imaging incidentally revealed a growing vegetative structure on the native mitral valve.
  • The patient had no overt symptoms of endocarditis prior to incidental detection.

Findings:

  • The patient underwent cardiac surgery for valve resection.
  • Cultures of the resected mitral valve specimen and blood samples were positive for P. acnes.
  • Histopathological examination confirmed infective endocarditis.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the potential for P. acnes to cause subacute native-valve endocarditis.
  • Physicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for P. acnes endocarditis when the organism is isolated from blood cultures, particularly in immunocompromised or dialysis patients.
  • Early detection and surgical intervention are crucial for managing P. acnes endocarditis.