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    Adaptive receive apodization in multiline transmission (MLT) cardiac imaging improves frame rates and spatial resolution by reducing crosstalk artifacts. This method enhances diagnostic capabilities beyond standard techniques.

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    Area of Science:

    • Ultrasound imaging
    • Medical diagnostics
    • Signal processing

    Background:

    • High frame rates are crucial for cardiac diagnostic imaging, enabling analysis of rapid cardiac events and quantitative measurements like speckle tracking.
    • Multiline transmission (MLT) offers improved frame rates by simultaneously transmitting beams in multiple directions, unlike single-line transmission (SLT).
    • MLT can introduce crosstalk artifacts due to beam interference, often mitigated by Tukey window apodization, which however degrades lateral resolution.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate if adaptive receive apodization can improve artifact rejection and spatial resolution in MLT cardiac imaging.
    • To compare the performance of adaptive apodization against standard Tukey windowing and non-apodized SLT.

    Main Methods:

    • An experimental MLT dataset was utilized, including wire phantoms, tissue-mimicking phantoms, and in vivo cardiac data.
    • A bank of apodization windows was adaptively applied during receive beamforming.
    • Performance was evaluated based on crosstalk artifact rejection and spatial resolution measurements.

    Main Results:

    • The adaptive apodization bank significantly outperformed Tukey windowing alone in both resolution and crosstalk rejection.
    • Achieved spatial resolution was superior to non-apodized SLT, as evidenced by wire phantom measurements.
    • The proposed adaptive method is compatible with wider transmit beams for multiline acquisition.

    Conclusions:

    • Adaptive receive apodization is an effective strategy for enhancing MLT cardiac imaging performance.
    • This technique offers a superior balance between artifact reduction and spatial resolution compared to existing methods.
    • The findings support the clinical utility of adaptive apodization for improved cardiac diagnostics.