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Related Concept Videos

Power01:08

Power

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The concept of work involves force and displacement; meanwhile, the work-energy theorem relates the net work done on a body to the difference in its kinetic energy, calculated between two points on its trajectory. While none of these quantities or relations involves time explicitly, we know that the time available to accomplish work is often just as important as the amount of work itself. For example, sprinters in a race may have achieved the same velocity at the finish, therefore,...
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In definite integration, Riemann sums approximate the area under a curve by dividing it into subintervals and summing the areas of rectangles. When these approximations follow predictable numerical patterns, such as arithmetic or polynomial sequences, sum formulas offer a more efficient and accurate way to compute the result. In particular, the sum of consecutive integers, squares, and cubes plays an essential role in simplifying these calculations, especially when dealing with uniform...
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Instantaneous power is important in electrical circuits, mainly when dealing with sinusoidal input. Instantaneous power, denoted as p(t), results from the multiplication of the instantaneous voltage (v(t)) across an element and the instantaneous current (i(t)) flowing through it. This relationship adheres to the passive sign convention and represents a fundamental principle in electrical engineering.
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Power engineers have introduced the concept of complex power to determine the cumulative effect of parallel loads. This idea plays a crucial role in power analysis because it encompasses all the details related to the power consumed by a specific load.
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Related Experiment Video

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An Introduction to Worm Lab: from Culturing Worms to Mutagenesis
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Magnetically Powered Annelid-Worm-Like Microswimmers.

Yiman Liu1, Dongqing Ge1, Jiawei Cong2

  • 1Hubei Engineering Research Center of Weak Magnetic-field Detection & College of Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, 443002, China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|April 4, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed bioinspired, magnetically powered microswimmers that mimic annelid worms. These microswimmers achieve efficient propulsion and controlled movement for potential biomedical and environmental applications.

Keywords:
annelid wormscargo deliverymicroswimmersremote actuation

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Area of Science:

  • Biomimetics and Micro-robotics
  • Materials Science and Engineering

Background:

  • Microswimmers offer potential for targeted delivery and sensing in micro- and nano-scale environments.
  • Designing microswimmers with controlled propulsion and maneuverability remains a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and demonstrate a bioinspired, magnetically powered microswimmer mimicking annelid worms.
  • To investigate the effect of structural parameters on microswimmer performance.
  • To evaluate the microswimmer's capacity for microparticle transport.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of annelid-worm-like microswimmers using prestrained substrates to control surface wrinkling.
  • Propulsion of microswimmers using oscillating magnetic fields.
  • Characterization of microswimmer speed and directionality under varying magnetic field parameters.
  • Experimental demonstration of microparticle transport by the microswimmers.

Main Results:

  • Successfully designed and fabricated magnetically powered microswimmers with annelid worm morphology.
  • Achieved efficient propulsion in an oscillating magnetic field, reaching speeds up to 100 µm s-1.
  • Demonstrated precise control over microswimmer speed and directionality via magnetic field manipulation.
  • Confirmed the microswimmers' ability to transport microparticles, albeit with reduced velocity due to hydrodynamic resistance.

Conclusions:

  • The developed annelid-worm-like microswimmers exhibit excellent mobility, maneuverability, and transport capabilities.
  • Surface wrinkling control through prestrain enables precise fabrication and consistent microswimmer performance.
  • These microswimmers show significant promise for applications in biomedicine, chemical sensing, and environmental remediation.