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Arsenic mitigation in paddy soils by using microbial fuel cells.

Williamson Gustave1, Zhao-Feng Yuan1, Raju Sekar2

  • 1Department of Environmental Science, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China; Department of Environmental Science, University of Liverpool, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, L69 7ZX, United Kingdom.

Environmental Pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
|April 4, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Soil microbial fuel cells (sMFC) reduce iron and arsenic release in flooded paddy soils by competing for organic matter. This novel approach also generates electricity, offering a dual benefit for soil remediation and energy production.

Keywords:
Arsenic (As)BioanodeDissolved organic matter (DOC)Iron (Fe)Microbial fuel cellsPaddy soilRice

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Microbiology
  • Soil Science

Background:

  • Arsenic (As) mobility in flooded paddy soils is closely linked to iron (Fe) redox cycling.
  • Flooding conditions promote the reduction of Fe oxides to soluble ferrous ions, influencing As fate.
  • Understanding and controlling these redox processes are crucial for managing As in agricultural environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of soil microbial fuel cells (sMFC) in manipulating Fe redox processes.
  • To assess the impact of sMFC on the release of Fe and As into soil porewater.
  • To explore the potential of sMFC for simultaneous electricity generation and contaminant remediation.

Main Methods:

  • Deployment of sMFC in paddy soil microcosms to influence Fe redox processes.
  • Quantification of Fe and As concentrations in soil porewater over time.
  • Analysis of organic matter content (loss on ignition carbon, total organic carbon) around the sMFC bioanode.
  • Bacterial community analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
  • Measurement of electrical current and power density generated by the sMFC.

Main Results:

  • sMFC significantly decreased the release of Fe and As into soil porewater compared to control.
  • Fe and As concentrations around the sMFC bioanode were substantially lower (65.0% and 47.0% of control, respectively) by day 50.
  • Enhanced organic matter removal efficiencies (10.3% and 14.0% higher for LOI-C and TOC, respectively) were observed near the bioanode.
  • Bacterial community structure in bulk soil showed minimal influence from the sMFC bioanodes.
  • Maximum current and power densities of 0.31 mA and 12.0 mW/m² were achieved.

Conclusions:

  • sMFC offer a novel method to control Fe and As release in paddy soils by outcompeting Fe- and As-reducing bacteria for organic substrates.
  • The sMFC technology provides a sustainable approach for reducing contaminant mobility while generating electricity.
  • This study demonstrates a promising bioelectrochemical strategy for managing arsenic contamination in paddy field environments.