[Long term outcomes after bariatric and metabolic surgery]

Area of Science:

• Metabolic Medicine
• Surgical Innovation
• Obesity Research

Background:

• Bariatric and metabolic surgery (BMS) is a critical intervention for managing severe obesity and its associated comorbidities.
• Long-term data highlights the sustained efficacy and mortality benefits of BMS.
• Understanding the long-term trajectory of weight loss and disease control is essential for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the long-term (5-10 years) effectiveness of bariatric and metabolic surgery.
• To assess the impact of BMS on obesity-related diseases and long-term mortality.
• To compare the outcomes of popular bariatric procedures like Roux-en-Y-gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy.

Main Methods:

• Review of long-term studies on bariatric and metabolic surgery outcomes.
• Analysis of weight loss patterns, disease control, and mortality rates post-surgery.
• Comparison of Roux-en-Y-gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy in long-term studies.

Main Results:

• BMS provides significant and durable weight loss, alongside control of obesity-related diseases, at 5 and 10 years.
• BMS reduces long-term mortality by 30% at 15 years, irrespective of surgical technique.
• Maximum weight loss is typically observed at 2 years post-surgery, with some weight regain thereafter.
• Roux-en-Y-gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy demonstrate comparable long-term outcomes.

Conclusions:

• Bariatric and metabolic surgery is the only effective treatment for significant, durable weight loss and obesity-related disease control long-term.
• Multidisciplinary care is crucial for managing the variability in long-term outcomes and addressing weight regain.
• Popular procedures like Roux-en-Y-gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy show similar long-term efficacy.