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Related Concept Videos

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic...
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

Embryonic Stem Cells

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

Embryonic Stem Cells

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
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Adult Stem Cells01:33

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
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iPS Cell Differentiation01:22

iPS Cell Differentiation

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The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Efficient Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells into Liver Cells
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Mapping human pluripotent stem cell differentiation pathways using high throughput single-cell RNA-sequencing.

Xiaoping Han1,2,3, Haide Chen4,5,6, Daosheng Huang1,3

  • 1Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.

Genome Biology
|April 7, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers mapped human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) differentiation using single-cell RNA sequencing. This reveals developmental trajectories and optimizes protocols for regenerative medicine applications.

Keywords:
Embryoid bodyNaïve human pluripotent stem cellPrimed human pluripotent stem cellSingle-cell RNA-sequencing

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Area of Science:

  • Stem cell biology
  • Developmental biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are crucial for studying cellular differentiation and regenerative medicine.
  • A detailed single-cell differentiation roadmap for hPSCs is currently lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create a comprehensive single-cell differentiation roadmap for hPSCs.
  • To analyze cellular state transitions during early differentiation.
  • To investigate the potential of naïve-like hPSCs.

Main Methods:

  • High-throughput single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on optimized microfluidic circuits.
  • Pseudotime analysis to construct developmental trajectories.
  • Reprogramming of primed H9 cells into naïve-like H9 cells.

Main Results:

  • A cellular-state landscape of hPSC early differentiation was generated, covering neural, muscle, endothelial, stromal, liver, and epithelial lineages.
  • Gene expression dynamics during differentiation trajectories were revealed.
  • Naïve-like H9 cells showed enrichment of hemogenic endothelium genes and enhanced hematopoietic differentiation potential compared to primed cells.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a single-cell level differentiation landscape for hPSCs.
  • These findings offer insights for optimizing hPSC differentiation protocols for regenerative medicine.