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Published on: April 22, 2020
Population structure and ancestry of Qinchuan cattle
N Chen1, J Huang1,2, A Zulfiqar3
1College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
Abstract:
The aim of this study was to estimate population structure and ancestry of Qinchuan cattle by genotyping 27 individuals using the GeneSeek HD 77k BeadChip, and another 1355 cattle representing breeds distributed worldwide, which had been genotyped using the Illumina Bovine 50k BeadChip. Qinchuan cattle were characterized by a dominant Bos taurus ancestry, accompanied by a considerable proportion of Bos indicus ancestry based on principal components analysis and supervised admixture analysis. A small proportion of Bos javanicus ancestry was detected as well. A similar admixture pattern in both Qinchuan and Turkish cattle breeds reflects their similar degrees of zebu introgression. Our study presents a relatively clear view of the population structure and ancestry of Qinchuan cattle, serving to benefit our understanding of this breed and leading to better targeted conservation approaches moving forward.
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Structural Isomerism
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can...

