Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Chemistry of Carbohydrates

Chemistry of Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are an essential part of the diet in humans and animals. Grains, fruits, and vegetables are natural sources of carbohydrates that provide energy to the body, particularly through glucose, a simple sugar that is a component of starch and an ingredient in many staple foods. The stoichiometric formula (CH2O)n, where n is the number of carbons in the molecule represents carbohydrates. In other words, the ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen is 1:2:1 in carbohydrate molecules. This...

Chemistry of Carbohydrates

Chemistry of Carbohydrates

What is Organic Chemistry?

What is Organic Chemistry?

Organic chemistry is the study of compounds of carbon called organic compounds. Organic compounds either originate from living organisms or are synthesized by chemists. A defining trait of these compounds is the presence of carbon as the principal element, which is bonded to other carbon atoms and other elements such as hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur. The existence of a wide array of organic molecules is a consequence of carbon atoms’ ability to form up to four strong bonds to...

Chemistry of the Cell

Chemistry of the Cell

The cell is chemically composed of water, organic molecules and inorganic ions.
Water
The polarity of the water molecule and its resulting hydrogen bonding makes water a unique substance with special properties that are intimately tied to the processes of life. Life originally evolved in an aqueous environment, and most of an organism’s cellular chemistry and metabolism occur inside the aqueous contents of the cell’s cytoplasm. Special properties of water are its high heat capacity...

Chemistry of the Cell

Chemistry of the Cell

EDTA: Chemistry and Properties

EDTA: Chemistry and Properties

Polydentate ligands are most widely used in complexometric titrations because they form more stable complexes with the metal ions than mono- or bidentate ligands due to the chelate effect. Examples of polydentate ligands are ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), crown ethers, and cryptands. The most important feature of optimal polydentate ligands is the ability to form 1:1 complexes in a single-step process. Amino carboxylic acid derivatives are frequently used as complexing agents. EDTA is...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Enzymatic Synthesis of Glyco-DNA Equipped with Oligosaccharides and Charged Monosaccharides.

Bioconjugate chemistry·2026

Same author

A pair of DNA glucosyltransferases elevate counter-defense in bacteriophage T4.

Nucleic acids research·2026

Same author

RNA-based precision medicine in glioblastoma driven by oncogenic gene fusions.

Molecular therapy. Oncology·2026

Same author

Incorporation of Ruthenium Polypyridyl Complexes Into DNA Oligonucleotides by Copper-Free Click Chemistry.

Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology·2026

Same author

Selection of Ruthenium Polypyridyl Complex-Modified Aptamers for Photodynamic Therapy against <i>Streptococcus Pneumonia</i>.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2025

Same author

Probing three-dimensional cyclooctatetraene for nucleobase modification in aptamer selection.

Communications chemistry·2025

Same journal

Silicone oil in protein drug products and its implications for formulation stability.

Advanced drug delivery reviews·2026

Same journal

Targeted delivery of proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTAC) and molecular glue degraders (MGD).

Advanced drug delivery reviews·2026

Same journal

Lysosome-targeting degrader delivery system: from formulation design to biomedical applications.

Advanced drug delivery reviews·2026

Same journal

Anti-PEG antibodies in nanomedicine: Mechanisms, risks, and opportunities.

Advanced drug delivery reviews·2026

Same journal

Optimizing macrophage-targeted intracellular delivery systems for safe and effective immunotherapies.

Advanced drug delivery reviews·2026

Same journal

Light-controlled CRISPR-dCas9 epigenome editing: advanced drug-delivery strategies and oncology applications.

Advanced drug delivery reviews·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Determination of In Vitro and Cellular Turn-on Kinetics for Fluorogenic RNA Aptamers

Determination of In Vitro and Cellular Turn-on Kinetics for Fluorogenic RNA Aptamers

Published on: August 9, 2022

Aptamer chemistry.

Pascal Röthlisberger¹, Marcel Hollenstein¹

¹Institut Pasteur, Department of Structural Biology and Chemistry, Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry of Nucleic Acids, CNRS UMR3523, 28, rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France.

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews

|April 8, 2018

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Chemically modified aptamers overcome limitations like nuclease degradation and rapid filtration. These enhanced aptamers show promise for therapeutic and diagnostic applications, including drug delivery and biosensing.

Keywords:

Aptamers Biosensor Chemically modified nucleic acids Drug delivery Nucleoside triphosphates SELEX Targeted therapeutics

More Related Videos

Primer-Free Aptamer Selection Using A Random DNA Library

Primer-Free Aptamer Selection Using A Random DNA Library

Published on: July 26, 2010

In Vitro Selection of Aptamers to Differentiate Infectious from Non-Infectious Viruses

In Vitro Selection of Aptamers to Differentiate Infectious from Non-Infectious Viruses

Published on: September 7, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Determination of In Vitro and Cellular Turn-on Kinetics for Fluorogenic RNA Aptamers

Determination of In Vitro and Cellular Turn-on Kinetics for Fluorogenic RNA Aptamers

Published on: August 9, 2022

Primer-Free Aptamer Selection Using A Random DNA Library

Primer-Free Aptamer Selection Using A Random DNA Library

Published on: July 26, 2010

In Vitro Selection of Aptamers to Differentiate Infectious from Non-Infectious Viruses

In Vitro Selection of Aptamers to Differentiate Infectious from Non-Infectious Viruses

Published on: September 7, 2022

Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Molecular Biology
Biotechnology

Background:

Aptamers are nucleic acid ligands selected via SELEX (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment).
They offer advantages over proteins, including low immunogenicity, cost-effective synthesis, and stability.
Current limitations hinder aptamer commercialization, such as nuclease susceptibility and poor pharmacokinetics.

Purpose of the Study:

To review chemical modification strategies for aptamers.
To address limitations hindering aptamer therapeutic and diagnostic applications.
To highlight aptamer utility in drug delivery and biosensing.

Main Methods:

Chemical post-SELEX processing to introduce functional groups.
Incorporation of modified nucleoside triphosphates during SELEX.
Illustrative examples of chemically modified aptamers in applications.

Main Results:

Chemical modifications enhance aptamer stability and functionality.
Modified aptamers demonstrate improved performance in drug delivery systems.
Chemically engineered aptamers show potential in advanced biosensing platforms.

Conclusions:

Chemical modifications are crucial for overcoming aptamer limitations.
Enhanced aptamers hold significant promise for diverse biomedical applications.
Further development of chemical strategies will accelerate aptamer clinical translation.