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Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Real-time Imaging of Plant Cell Surface Dynamics with Variable-angle Epifluorescence Microscopy
Published on: December 12, 2015
Bias and SNR of T1 estimates derived from joint fitting of actual flip-angle and FLASH imaging data with variable
1Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
Abstract:
Previous work has suggested fitting joint AFI/FLASH data for T1 and B1+ by minimizing the 2-norm of the difference between the signal model and measurements will produce unbiased estimates of T1. We demonstrate that, contrary to previous results, the estimator has a substantial bias that varies with both the true T1 and B1+, and the receive channel count. We also demonstrate that the correct ML estimator removes the effect of channel count, and that the choice of AFI protocol has a larger impact of the quality of estimates than the addition of an extra FLASH scan.
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