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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 12, 2026

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LILRB4 Decrease on uDCs Exacerbate Abnormal Pregnancy Outcomes Following Toxoplasma gondii Infection.

Shaowei Zhan1, Jing Zheng2, Haixia Zhang3

  • 1Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Binzhou Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, China.

Frontiers in Microbiology
|April 13, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Toxoplasma gondii infection during pregnancy down-regulates LILRB4 on uterine dendritic cells (uDCs), leading to abnormal pregnancy outcomes. This study reveals LILRB4

Keywords:
LILRB4Toxoplasma gondiiabnormal pregnancy outcomesco-stimulatory moleculesdendritic cells

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Reproductive Biology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Toxoplasma gondii infection in early pregnancy can cause miscarriage and fetal abnormalities.
  • Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor B4 (LILRB4) is a key inhibitory receptor on uterine dendritic cells (uDCs) crucial for immune regulation at the maternal-fetal interface.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the immune mechanisms of LILRB4 on uDCs in abnormal pregnancy outcomes caused by T. gondii infection.
  • To explore the role of LILRB4 expression in T. gondii-infected human primary uDCs and LILRB4-/- pregnant mice.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized T. gondii-infected human primary uDCs and LILRB4-/- pregnant mice for in vitro and in vivo studies.
  • Analyzed LILRB4 expression on uDCs during normal and T. gondii-infected pregnancies.
  • Examined the regulation of functional molecules (CD80, CD86, HLA-DR/MHC II) on uDCs.

Main Results:

  • LILRB4 expression on uDCs is higher in normal pregnant mice than non-pregnant mice, peaking mid-gestation.
  • T. gondii infection down-regulates LILRB4, particularly on tolerogenic uDC subsets.
  • Decreased LILRB4 expression correlates with altered functional molecule expression on uDCs, contributing to adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • LILRB4 plays a critical role in maintaining immune tolerance during pregnancy.
  • Down-regulation of LILRB4 on uDCs by T. gondii infection is a key mechanism driving abnormal pregnancy outcomes.
  • Understanding these molecular immune mechanisms can inform strategies to prevent pregnancy complications associated with T. gondii.