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Related Concept Videos

Genomics02:02

Genomics

40.9K
Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes03:21

Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes

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While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
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Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes03:21

Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes

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Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance

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Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
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Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes02:16

Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes

17.0K
The present-day mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes have retained some of the characteristics of their ancestral prokaryotes and also have acquired new attributes during their evolution within eukaryotic cells. Like prokaryotic genomes, mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes neither bind with histone-like proteins nor show complex packaging into chromosome-like structures, as observed in eukaryotes. Unlike mitotic cell divisions observed in eukaryotic cells, mitochondria and chloroplasts...
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Genomic DNA in Prokaryotes00:46

Genomic DNA in Prokaryotes

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The genome of most prokaryotic organisms consists of double-stranded DNA organized into one circular chromosome in a region of cytoplasm called the nucleoid. The chromosome is tightly wound, or supercoiled, for efficient storage. Prokaryotes also contain other circular pieces of DNA called plasmids. These plasmids are smaller than the chromosome and often carry genes that confer adaptive functions, such as antibiotic resistance.
Genomic Diversity in Bacteria
Although bacterial genomes are much...
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Isolation and Genome Analysis of Single Virions using 'Single Virus Genomics'
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Isolation and Genome Analysis of Single Virions using 'Single Virus Genomics'

Published on: May 26, 2013

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Value-based genomics.

Jun Gong1, Kathy Pan2, Marwan Fakih1

  • 1Department of Medical Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.

Oncotarget
|April 13, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) advances cancer care, but achieving value-based precision oncology requires evaluating cost, effectiveness, and safety. This review explores strategies for integrating genomic profiling into value-based healthcare models.

Keywords:
cost-effectivenessnext-generation sequencingpathwaysprecision oncologyvalue-based care

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Navigating MARRVEL, a Web-Based Tool that Integrates Human Genomics and Model Organism Genetics Information
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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genomics
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has revolutionized biomarker-driven cancer therapies and clinical decision-making.
  • Widespread availability of tumor molecular profiling via NGS presents opportunities and challenges for precision oncology.
  • Achieving value-based care in oncology, balancing patient outcomes with cost-effectiveness, remains a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and evaluate the cost, effectiveness, and safety of genomic profiling in cancer care.
  • To assess the current landscape of value-based medicine within precision oncology.
  • To propose future directions and strategies for attaining value-based genomics.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of available data on genomic profiling in cancer.
  • Application of a conceptualized framework to evaluate value-based medicine.
  • Analysis of cost (efficiency), clinical benefit (effectiveness), and toxicity (safety) of genomic profiling.

Main Results:

  • Genomic profiling offers significant potential for personalized cancer treatment.
  • Current data highlights variability in demonstrating clear value across different applications.
  • The framework provides a structured approach to assess the value of genomic tests.

Conclusions:

  • Integrating genomic profiling into value-based care requires careful consideration of efficiency, effectiveness, and safety.
  • Future directions include expanding sequencing from targeted panels to whole-exome/genome sequencing.
  • Strategic implementation is crucial to realize the full potential of genomics in improving cancer care outcomes and reducing costs.